Presentation Transcript

1. Section 2: Athens and Sparta

2. Do Now: After learning about life of Athens how did you consider it to be? Was it cruel or harsh in any ways? Was it livable? Could you see yourself living in ancient Athens? Provide examples of reasons why you agree or disagree with life in ancient Athens.
3. Living in Sparta Free and open Harsh and cruel Tough, silent, grim Similar to other Greek cities Wars in and out of city=changes Life in Athens Life in Sparta Spartans Early days of Sparta 600s B.C.
4. Government and way of life Turned Sparta into powerful war machine Always put city’s needs above your own Around city Changes Established basic rule Conquered Land
5. Slaves owned by city-state of Sparta The captured people during war Did all farm work on Spartan land Outnumbered Spartans Turned city into armed camp Spartans treated Helots harshly Helots Avoiding Helot revolt
6. In government hands Only healthiest children raised Trained early on (ages7) left home to live in barracks Spent hours practicing with swords and spears Lives of Spartans Male 7yrs old 12 yrs old
7. Urged to steal Caught stealing Cant live on food given (too little) Only One cloak to wear and thin mat to sleep on Stealing=know how to live off land during war Severely punished Expected to bear pain, hardship, and punishment in silence
8. Excellent soldiers Officially became soldier Remained soldiers until 60yrs old Take place in assembly=council of male Spartan citizens Advisors to king Non-slave males Rigid punishment 20 yrs old 30 yrs old Citizens
9. Trained and built up bodies Competed in wrestling and spear throwing Not expected to be soldiers Girls who grew up strong and healthy=strong and healthy children Better life than women in other Greek city-states Allowed to own land Take part in business Must obey males (fathers, husbands, brothers) Growing up female of Sparta Spartan Women
10. Men were so involved in military Women ran farms or estates Did not mingle with other Greeks Couldn’t travel Looked down on wealth and trade No arts Known for bravery and skill Fighting=key role in Greek wars against Persians Larger Responsibilities Spartan attitudes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WorI5HPWbpg
11. Spartan Metaphor Activity As we know, the Spartans lived a very different life from the Athenians. Life in Sparta was based around war and skill. To show how structured and harsh the Spartans lived, you are going to create a metaphor. Metaphor: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.It is a comparison between two unlike things not using the word “like” or “as” to make the comparison EXAMPLES: *The typical teenage boy’s room is a disaster area. *Katie’s plan to get into college was a house of cards on a crooked table. EXPECTATIONS: Create a metaphor in a COMPLETE, ERROR-FREE sentence. Create an illustration to represent your metaphor. * YOU WILL BE GRADED ON NEATNESS, COMPLETENESS, and CONTENT ACCURACY!
12. The Persians Invade Threat of Persian growth and strength Greeks joined forces to defend peninsula Founded Persian Empire in mid-500s B.C. Extended original empire Persians gained control of Greek colonies on west coast or Asia Minor 400s B.C. Cyrus the Great 250 B.C.
13. Battle at Marathon Thousands of Persians landed in Greece Gathered at Marathon (25 m. north of Athens) Hastily threw together small army Persians outnumbered them (2:1) Fall of 490 B.C. Athenians Unprepared
14. Rushed the Persians Persians=furious and overwhelmed 6,400 Persians killed 192 Athenians killed In short time, tiny state defeated giant (Persians) Athenian Victory Big defeat https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFXJWkEvNgk
15. Conflict and the Athenian Empire distracted Greek city-states from fighting each other Drove Persians away Victories increased sense of importance Gods favored them and influenced victories Persian battles continued Greece United
16. Most powerful city-state in Greece Joined other city-states in Delian League Leagues treasury kept on Delos Island Began treating city-states like subjects NOT allies Dominated Delian League and used it to create empire Supported democratic groups (citizens govern themselves) in other city-states Focused on freedom for Athenians Golden Age of Athens followed Athens
17. Sparta and Athens at War Began acting unfairly towards other city-states Ally city-states $$ tribute for protection from Persians Moved treasury from Delos to Athens and used $$ to build Parthenon and projects Money was for ally defense Power of Athens
18. Peloponnesian War Feared and resented Athens’ power Looked to Sparta for protection (not in alliance) Formed Peloponnesian League Peloponnesus=southern Greek Peninsula (Sparta) Peloponnesian War Sparta and allies fought against Athens and allies City-states Sparta 431 B.C.
19. Conflict between Athens and Sparta Lasted 27 yrs Fine navy More wealth Geographic disadvantage Peloponnesian War Athens
20. Located inland Couldn’t be attacked by sea Could march North and attack Athens by land Pericles (statesman)let surrounding countryside inside city walls Overcrowding=plague, widespread disease 1/3 Athenians died within 5 years of plague Pericles died Fight to take Pericles place weakened gov. Sparta Outcome of Spartan Attack
21. Athens never recoveredfrom plague deaths 405 B.C. Spartans and new allies staged blockade (action taken to isolate enemy and cut off supplies) surrounded and closed food harbor Spartans broke down walls, destroyed Athenian navy and empire Fall of Athens
22. SECTION 2 BATTLE ACTIVITY Battle Chart Timeline Venn Diagram 4. War scene
23. 4-Step Activity Directions Battle Chart: Complete the battle chart (On slide 22) Create timeline of… Battle at Marathon Athens’ Golden Age Peloponnesian War * MUST HAVE START AND END DATES (YRS) OF EACH! Venn Diagram: Compare and contrast Athenian way of life/attitude with Spartan way of life/attitude. You must have a minimum of 3 contrasts and 2 comparisons! Scene: Choose either the Battle at Marathon OR the Peloponnesian War and create a scene to represent it. Next, write a one paragraph description of the scene and battle.