Institute of Physical Engineering

1. Institute of Physical Engineering Technická 2896/2 616 69 Brno Tel.:+420 541 142 820 fax:+420 541 142 842 e-mail: liska@fme.vutbr.cz web: physics.fme.vutbr.cz

2. Institute of Physical Engineering physics.fme.vutbr.cz Departments • Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics • Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces • Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics Staff • Full professors – 5 • Associate professors– 9 • Assistant professors– 11 • Research assistants– 13 • Technicians and administrative staff - 6

3. Ústav fyzikálního inženýrství Institute of Physical Engineering physics.fme.vutbr.cz Teaching • Basic physics courses in bachelor and master programs: Physics I, Physics II, Selected chapters of physics • Lectures in Physical Engineering and Precise Mechanics and Optics study branches • Lectures on specific topics of metrology and mechatronics • Lectures in PhD. study programs Study Branches • Physical Engineering • Precise Mechanics and Optics • PhD. study program Physical and Material Engineering Number of students • 80 bachelor and master students • 40 PhD. students

4. Ústav fyzikálního inženýrství Institute of Physical Engineering physics.fme.vutbr.cz • Physical Engineering • (bachelorand master study) Study branch • has an inter-disciplanary character (cooperation with the Faculty of Sciences, Masaryk University Brno) • is a combination of engineering and physical courses • prepares engineers students to work in areas that overlap the boundaries of several disciplines and where the physics ideas play an important role In master study the student may specialize in • engineering optics • surface and thin film physics and engineering and may spend one semester studying abroad. Graduates are trained to • apply optoelectronics in design of fine machines and instruments • utilize optical methods in metrology • introduce and use new high-tech technologies and nanoscience Research oriented graduates from master program may continue in PhD. study of Physical and Materials Engineering program. Study Branches

5. Ústav fyzikálního inženýrství Institute of Physical Engineering physics.fme.vutbr.cz Study Branches • Precise Mechanics and Optics • (masters study) • Study branch covers • technical optics • precise mechanics • computer support in engineering Students may spend one semester studying abroad. Graduates are trained to • apply optoelectronics in design of fine machines and instruments • utilize optical methods in metrology • introduce and use new high-tech technologies • use computers for engineering design Research oriented graduates from master program may continue in a PhD. study program.

6. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Science and Research • Optical microscopy, particularly holographic optical microscopy • Laser spectroscopy (LIBS and LIBS+LIFS methods) • Optical tomography • Scalar diffraction theory and kinematical diffraction theory • Holographic interferometry • Interferometric measurements of optical elements and systems • Rigorous numerical method for analysis and design of photonic elements • Developement of micro positioning mechanisms Laboratories • Laboratory of optical microscopy • Laboratory of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and capillary discharges • Laboratory of coherent optics • Laboratory of optical measurements • Laboratory of optical diffraction

7. Ústav fyzikálního inženýrství Odbor optiky a přesné mechaniky Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects International projects Synchrotrone-Elettra Trieste program • X-ray imaging of heavy metal hyper-accumulation in vegetal tissues by microradiography (2003-2004) • Experimental investigation of a new aproach in phase-contrast computed microtomography (2006)

8. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects National projects Czech Science Foundation • Profiling of surfaces by means of holographic confocal microscopy (1998-2001) • Modern methods for analysis of optical waveguide devices (1998-2001) • Microscopy with the local probe held by optical forces (2000-2002) • Realization of the laboratory instrument for surface roughness measurements by holographic interferometry (2001-2003) • Optical and mechanical properties of DLC:Si thin films prepared by PECVD method (2001-2003) • Study of plasma created by capillary discharges (2002-2004) • Image reconstruction of three-dimensional objects by the methods of holographic confocal microscopy (2004-2006) • Realization of a laboratory digital spectrophotometer for a wide spectral region (2004-2006) • Multidimensional optical tomography of phase objects (2006-2008)

9. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects National projects Ministry of Education of ČR – research plans • Advanced functionally gradient and nanostructured materials, co-investigator Miroslav Liška (1999-2004) • Simulation modeling of mechatronic systems , co-investigator Miroslav Ohlídal (2003-2007) • Inorganic nanomaterials and nanostructures. Formation, analysis, properties. Co investigators Radim Chmelík and Jozef Kaiser (2005-2010) Ministry of Education of ČR- Fund of Development of Universities • The Fourier methods in diffraction theory and in structure analysis (2000) • Theory of three-dimensional image formation in microscopy (2002) • System for optical tomography designated for 3D visualization of phase objects (2002)

10. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects National projects Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences ofČR • Combined usage of laser micro-beam cytometric techniques in study of structure and dynamics of human genome (2002-2006) Ministry of Industry of ČR • Analysis of optical properties of solar cells (2006-2009) Ministry of Education of ČR - COST • Modeling of optical properties of photonic crystals(2003-2007)

11. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Imaging of optical inhomogenities in glasses Optical inhomogeneities in a projection of jewellery product made by a press-and-injection process. Visualization of the inhomogeneities in the image has been performed by means of a spatial filtering method with an edge filter.

12. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems X-ray imaging of heavy metal hyperaccumulation in vegetal tissues by microradiography 3D reconstruction of a root of Dyplotaxis erucoides.

13. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Modelling of a linear waveguide in photonic crystal

14. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Imaging of biological samples by holographic microscope Scheme of image reconstruction in transmission holographic microscope. The specimen was the tumor cell K4.

15. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Cooperation • Membershipin organizing committee of regular “Czech-Polish-Slovak” optical conferences • Chairmanshipin professional section “Fine Mechanics and Optics” and organizer of regular seminars of the section • Cooperation on organizing regular conferences at anniversaries of starting the optical production at Meopta Přerov • Cooperation with many Czech universities and institutes of the Academy of Sciences of ČR • Cooperation with industrial partners (PRECIOSA a.s., EUROTEC k.s., ON SEMICONDUCTOR ČR a.s, …) International Contacts • University of L‘Aquila, Italy • Synchrotone ElettraTrieste, Italy • University of Pécs, Hungary • Universita degli Studi di Parma, Italy • Institute of Spectrochemistry and Applied Spectroscopy in Dortmund, Germany • Queen Mary University of London, UK • Cancer Research UK, London, UK

16. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Optics and Precise Mechanics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Interest in cooperation • Reflected light and transmission microscopy of moving objects • Monitoring of the geometrical precision of optical surfaces by the method of phase shifted interferograms • Development and design of precise micro-positioning mechanisms • Analysis of optical properties of thin films, digital holography and optical profilometry • Rigorous numerical methods for analysis and design of waveguide elements

17. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Science and Research • Study of the formation of early phases of thin films • Thin layers of metals and their oxides • Magnetic (ultra)thin films/multilayers and 1D-0D nanostructures • Superstructures and ultra thin films of Ga and wide-band gap semiconductors • Fabrication of nanostructures by nanolitography and their application in a study of transport properties and plasmonics • Development of analytical techniques and methods for characterization of surfaces, thin films and nanostructures (UHV STM/AFM, TOF-LEIS, XPS, SIMS, spectral ellipsometry and reflectometry, LEED/AES, …) Laboratories Newly built clear rooms (purity class < 100 000) • Laboratory of scanning probe microscopy • Laboratory of surfaces, ultrathin films and in-situ characterization • Laboratory of ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and ion beam etching

18. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects International projects Contact • Synthesis of GaN expitaxial layers, BUT and Arizona State University (1999-2001) • Application of STM and STS for the study of atomic surface structures, BUT and Vienna University of Technology (2001-2002) • A study of the formation of very first layers of thin films by STM and STS, BUT and Vienna University of Technology (2004-2005) • Application of TOF-LEIS for analysis of ultrathin films, BUT and Linz University (2003-2004) • TOF-LEIS in analysis of ultrathin films, BUT and Linz University (2005-2006)

19. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects International projects Synchrotrone-Elettra Trieste program • Depth profiling of ultrathin layered structures (2003) • Photoemission study of Ga (GaN) ultrathin layers and nanostructures (2004) • Photoemission study of Ga superstructures and ultrathin films (2005) • Photoemission study of Ga superstructures and ultrathin films – the influence of hydrogen (2006) Aktion • Application of STM and STS for the study of atomic surface structures, BUT and Vienna University of Technology (2000)

20. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects National projects Ministry of Education of ČR – Research centres • Structures for the fundamental research – structures for nanophotonics and nanoelectronics, principle investigator Tomáš Šikola (2006-2010) Ministry of Education of ČR– research plans • Progressive functionally gradient and nanostructured materials, co-investigator Tomáš Šikola (2000-2004) • Inorganic nanomaterials and nanostructures, , co-investigator Tomáš Šikola (2005-2010) Czech Science Foundation • Study of ultrathin layers by photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray optical reflection (2002-2004) • Design and construction of a UV optical instrument for insitu monitoring of surface homogenity of thin films grown by IBAD (2002-2004)

21. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects National projects Grant Agency of the Academy of Sciences ofČR • Nanoscience and nanotechnology by probe microscopes: from atomic scale phenomena to material properties (2004-2008)

22. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Complex UHV apparatus Design and application of a ultra-high vacuum apparatus for the preparation and in situ analysis of surfaces and ultrathin films. The apparatus has been used for a successful low-temperature synthesis of GaN ultrathin films.

23. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems UHV STM/AFM microscope Design and application of a UHV STM/AFM microscope. The ultrahigh vacuum compatible design of the STM/AFM microscope built in a cooperation with Tescan Ltd.

24. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Nanostructures fabricated by local atomic oxidation of a silicon surface Application of atomic force microscopy for the fabrication of nanostructures. Nanostructures with minimum dimensions of tens nanometers have been built by the local anodic oxidation method into various materials (Ti, Si, GaAS, Al,...).

25. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Cooperation • Department is a regular organizer of the international summer schools on science and technology at nanoscale • Department is a member of the Czech-Nanoteam group and co-organizes its regular workshops • Cooperation with institutes of the Academy of Sciences of ČR, mainly Institute of Physics in Prague and Institute of Scientific Instruments in Brno • Department cooperates with many departments of Universities in ČR • Cooperation with industrial partners (Tescan, FEI, On Semiconductor) International Contacts • Salford University, UK • Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands • Aston University, UK • Vienna University of Technology, Austria • Arizona State University, USA • University of Linz, Austria • Synchrotone ElettraTrieste, Italy • Stanford University, USA

26. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Solid State Physics and Surfaces physics.fme.vutbr.cz Interest in cooperation • Modification and Analysis of Surfaces • Research on Thin Films • Nanoscience and Nanotechnology • Design of Scientific Instruments • Vacuum Technology

27. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Science and Research • Atomistic, mesoscopic and microscopic models of deformation and fracture • Experimental investigation of uniaxial and multiaxial mechanical fatigue • Quantitative fractography • Measuring of elastic and inelastic properties of materials • Measuring noise in working and living environment Laboratories • Laboratory of micromechanics • Accredited Acoustic Testing Laboratory No.1016

28. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects National projects Czech Science Foundation • Analysis of fracture along segregated grain boundaries in bicrystals and polycrystals (2002-2005) • Multiscale approach to relationships between mechanical and microstructural characteristics of materials (2006-2008) • Application of quantitative fractography and stereology to crack path analysis in biaxial fatigue (2006-2008) • Role of grain boundary morphology and chemistry in intergranular fracture (2006-2008) • Damage prediction of structural materials using cohesive models (2006-2008) • Solution of general stress concentrators in anisotropic heterogenous media via combination of FEM and continuously distributed dislocation technique (2006-2008)

29. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Projects National projects Ministry of Education of ČR - research plans • Advanced functionally gradient and nanostructured materials, co-investigators Jaroslav Pokluda and Pavel Šandera (2000-2005) • Simulation of mechatronic systems, co-investigators Jaroslav Pokluda, Pavel Šandera(2005-2009) Ministry of Industry of ČR • New cement composites for building elements and constructions (2002-2004) Ministry of Education of ČR - COST • Two-scale analysis od stress distribution under a nanoindentor tip (2006-2008) Ministry of Education of ČR - Fund of Development of Universities • Innovation of the course Noise and Vibration (2006)

30. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Ab-initio calculation of mechanical properties of cubic and hexagonal crystals The total energy per atom as a function of the interplanar distance and the plane shift for the <110>{111} shear

31. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Quantitative fractography of steels fracture by multiaxial fatigue 3D micrograph of fracture surface of steel (crystallographical axes in a selected point are marked)

32. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Measurement of shielding properties of the noise barrier

33. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Examples of studied problems Measurement of the noise load on workers in a manufacturing plant

34. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Cooperation • Periodic conference MSMF (Material Structure & Micromechanics of Fracture) • Co-organisation of annual international conferences Nano (Nano-section of the CSNMT) • Seminars of the Czech Acoustic Society • Periodic lectures at the Summer Schools on Fatigue of Materials in Žilina • cooperation with many Czech Universities • Cooperation with industrial partners (Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery s.r.o.) International Contacts • Austrian Academy of Siences, Austria • Polytechnic University Opole,Poland • Institute of Metals and Technology, Slovenia • University of Bologna,Italy

35. Institute of Physical Engineering Department of Micromechanics of Materials and Engineering Acoustics physics.fme.vutbr.cz Interest in cooperation • Theory and experiment of nanoindentation process • Ab initio modelling mechanical properties of crystals • Experiment and theory in multiaxial fatigue of materials • Fractography in multiaxial fatigue • Experiment and theory of shape-memory alloys • Acoustic measurements of materials characteristics, components and structures

36. Institute of Physical Engineering physics.fme.vutbr.cz Future and Perspectives • Combining educational and research activities on international level • Innovation of courses provided and development of modern study methods (e-learning) • Increasing the number of courses taught in English and internationalization of the study through various international programs • Development of all three departments and related scientific areas • Increasing of the quality of research and publication activities • Intensification of participation of foreign students, professors and researchers in institute’s life • Participation of the institute in international scientific programs