Understanding Building Elements by Vadodara Institute of Engineering

1. VADODARA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERINGInstitute Code : 080

2. PLAN,ELEVATION & SECTION OF RESIDENTIAL BULDINGand ELEMENTRY PRINCIPLE OF BUILDING Name and enrollment no. : DUDHWALA ABDUL.I 130800119512 PARMAR ANKUR 130800119521 Subject : ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Branch & Division : MECHANICAL -III Semester : I Academic year : 2013-14 Guide : Asst. Prof. Dharti Soni

3. PLAN • A building is imagined to be cut in horizontal plane at sill level and then it is viewed from top. It is called plan. • Plane is drawn in 2D. • Length and width of various units with wall thickness is drawn in plan. • Height of any unit is not observed from plan. • Location of doors, windows, ventilators, openings are shown in plan.

4. PLAN

5. ELEVATION • Elevations are generally drawn above the plan by projecting vertical lines from plan starting from left end side to right end side of the building. • Elevations are not showing any details below ground for substructure or foundation. • Elevation of building is drawn in vertical plane starting from G.L. to roof level with parapet.

6. ELEVATION

7. SECTION • Section is generally drawn on side of elevation so that projections are easily taken from elevation. • It is the sectional elevation of building at a particular assumed section. • Section of a building is drawn in vertical plane starting from foundation to roof level with parapet. • Dimensions , thickness , material type all details are shown on section.

8. SECTION

9. PRINCIPLES OF BUILDING PLANNING • Then architect prepares design of a building with the help of the following principles of planning. • Aspect • Prospect • Privacy • Roominess • Grouping • Circulation • Furniture requirement • Flexibility • Sanitation • Elegance • Economy

10. 1. ASPECT Disposition of doors and windows in the external walls – occupants can enjoy the gifts of the nature i.e. sun-shine, breeze, view of landscape etc. SUN RAYS ADMITTED INTO KITCHEN ASPECT – EAST SIDE KITCHEN EAST SIDE

11. NORTH STUDY ROOM, STORE , STAIR CASE, BATH , WC WEST EAST BED ROOMS KITCHEN LIVING ROOM, DINING ROOM VERANDAH SOUTH ASPECTS FOR DIFFERENT ROOMS

12. INSIDE OBSERVER INSIDER OBSERVER INSIDE OBSERVER LESS VIEW DESIRED LARGE VIEW DESIRED CONCEALING UNDESIRABLE VIEW 2. PROSPECT

13. 3. PRIVACY Exposure of the interior space / room to the visitors vision Types of privacy: (1) Privacy of all parts of building with reference to surrounding buildings, roads etc. This type of privacy can be achieved by-- Growing plants, trees etc Providing high windows with respect to roads, grounds etc. (2) Privacy of one room from another room: This type of privacy can be achieved by— Carefully positioning of doors & windows

14. OBSERVER OBSERVER OBSERVER MAXIMUM PRIVACY NO PRIVACY MODERATE PRIVACY Privacy depends on placement of doors /window openings

15. PRIVACY CONTD… • Internal privacy can be achieved by • Providing curtains • Providing screens • Avoiding windows in interior walls of the room

16. 4. ROOMINESS MORE AREA AVAILABLE LESS AREA AVAILABLE • Getting maximum benefit from minimum dimensions or space of room • Rectangular shaped room gives feeling of more space than square shaped room for the same area

17. BED DIN BATH KIT DIN KIT BED STAIR STAIR LIVING LIVING 5. GROUPING Arrangement of various rooms in relation with their functions GOOD GROUPING IMPROPER GROUPING BATH

18. 6. CIRCULATION • Horizontal circulation – passages, corridors, verandahs, balcony etc. • Vertical circulation – stairs, lifts, escalators,ramp etc. DOOR DOOR DOOR BAD CIRCULATION GOOD CIRCULATION HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION

19. N STUDY KIT STUDY KIT LIV LIV BED VER BED VER 6. CIRCULATION CONTD… VERTICAL CIRCULATION GOOD CIRCULATION WITH STAIR INSIDE BAD CIRCULATION WITH OUTSIDE STAIR

20. 7. FURNITURE REQUIREMENT • Function of the Room decides the Furniture requirement of that room • Living hall – sofa set, tea-table, TV case, showcase, etc. • Bed room– single bed or double bed, dressing table, cupboard etc. • Dining room– dinning table, chairs, cupboards etc. • One can arrived at dimension of a room by Knowing type of furniture to be kept in.

21. ROOM 1 ROOM 2 8. FLEXIBILITY To facilitate accommodation of changes in the plan of the building in future if necessary BIG HALL

22. 9. SANITATION • Lighting • Natural Lighting • Artificial Lighting • Ventilation • Natural Ventilation • Artificial Ventilation • Cleanliness • Sanitary Provisions • Baths-rooms • Water Closets • Latrines

23. 10. ELEGENCE • Elegance means the aesthetic view of the building or the beauty of the building • Elegance of the building can be achieved by • Increasing the plinth height of buildings • Treatment of exterior of building – sloping roof, projections etc.

24. ELEGENCE : CLASSROOM BUILDING

25. 11. ECONOMY • Minimum dimensions of the room, doors, windows • Simple design of building • Providing minimum height of building • Avoiding porches, lobbies etc • Using simple type of fixtures and fastening

26. REFERENCES “ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING” By R.P.RETHALIYA, ATUL PRAKASHAN “ELEMENTS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING” By R.B.KHASIYA, MAHAJAN PUBLISHING HOUSE

27. THANK YOU