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4.2 Lecture Notes

4.2 Lecture Notes. Mineral Characteristics Tested. Magnetism. The force of attraction between a magnet or a metal & magnetite. . Explain:. 4.2 Lecture Notes. Resistance to scratching. . Define:. Hardness. Method:. Scratch mineral with objects on the Moh’s Hardness scale.

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4.2 Lecture Notes

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  1. 4.2 Lecture Notes Mineral Characteristics Tested Magnetism The force of attraction between a magnet or a metal & magnetite. Explain:

  2. 4.2 Lecture Notes Resistance to scratching. Define: Hardness Method: Scratch mineral with objects on the Moh’s Hardness scale.

  3. 4.2 Lecture Notes The surface reflection of light. Luster Define: Types: Shines like metal. Metallic: Glassy, earthy, chalky, or silky. Non-Metallic:

  4. Put hydrochloric acid drops on a mineral & see if it fizzes. Acid Test Method: Fizzes = a carbonate mineral!

  5. Crystal Shape Well-formed crystals can have characteristic shapes. Describe: • Why the great variety of crystal shapes? • - 88 naturally occurring elements • made of atoms of differ sizes & • properties that combine in many ways • to form crystals. • -huge range of temperatures & pressures within the Earth contributes to this • diversity. • But the variety is not endless: Certain • shapes or variations occur again & again!

  6. Mass/Volume. Density Define: Hold 2 same sized minerals. Which is heavier? Heavier = more dense (has more mass/volume). Method:

  7. Specific Gravity Define: A mineral or rock’s density compared to water’s density which is a “1”. pumice obsidian

  8. Streak The color of a powdered mineral. It looks different than the original mineral chunk! Define: Method: Swipe the mineral across a dull, white ceramic plate; look at the color of its mark. Hematite vs. Pyrite

  9. How a Mineral Breaks When Stressed Define: Breaks in many directions. Fracture: Breaks along curved surfaces, splinters or uneven ways. Describe Types:

  10. Define: Breaks along weakly bonded planes (not just some random mess)!!! Cleavage: Describe Types: 1. 1 direction Sheet Mica 2. 2 directions Long box with broken ends 3. 3 directions

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