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Word-formation process & Morphology

Word-formation process & Morphology. What do we mean by word formation?. word formation is the creation of a new word. Word formation is sometimes contrasted with semantic change, which is a change in a single word's meaning. Etymology. The study of the origin and history of a word

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Word-formation process & Morphology

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  1. Word-formation process&Morphology

  2. What do we mean by word formation? • word formation is the creation of a new word. Word formation is sometimes contrasted with semantic change, which is a change in a single word's meaning

  3. Etymology • The study of the origin and history of a word • What is the etymology of • school, scol, from L. schola, from Gk. skhole • university, from Anglo-Fr. université, O.Fr. universitei (13c.), from M.L. universitatem (nom. universitas), in L.L. "corporation, society," from L., "the whole, aggregate," from universus "whole, entire"

  4. Word formation processes • Coinage: the invention of totally new words such as trade names for commercial products: aspirin, nylon, vaseline…etc. It also includes names based on a place or a person (eponyms) like sandwich and jeans • Borrowing: (loan translation or Calque) -croissant, Sofa - skyscrapers, hot dogs

  5. Word formation processes • Compounding: joining of two separate words to produce a single form: bookcase, fingerprint, and sunburn • Blending: a combination of two separate forms to produce a single new term.(by taking the beginning of one word and joining it to the end of the other word: smog, brunch, chunnel

  6. Clipping: • Such as fax (facsmili), ad, phone, plane,Ed, Liz, Sam • Backformation: television: televise, donation: donate • Conversion: butter, chair, bottle (V to N without reduction) • Acronyms: CD, VCR, RADAR, LASER • Derivation: affixes: un-, mis-, -ful, -ish.

  7. What is Morphology? • - word-like elements • - basic forms in language • The study of forms • Linguistics elements: morphemes

  8. MORPHEMES • A minimal unit of meaning or grammatical function • Morphs and allomorphs

  9. Free and bound morphemes • Free: open and tour • Bound: re-, -ist, -ed. • Consider these words. Which are bound and which are free • Careful carelessness detangle uncover uselessness nonsensical anticonstitutionalism

  10. Other languages • Kanuri • Ganda • Ilocano • Tagalog

  11. Assignment • Research task: D p 70 • Discussion topics/projects: #1 p71

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