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Objective. Students will be able to identify on a map the location of Israel and other important countries and areas. Students will understand the competing religious and historical claims the Jews and Arabs have on the Holy Land. History of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. LEBANON.
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Objective • Students will be able to identify on a map the location of Israel and other important countries and areas. • Students will understand the competing religious and historical claims the Jews and Arabs have on the Holy Land
LEBANON Mediterranean Sea SYRIA Golan Heights WestBank Gaza Strip Jerusalem ISRAEL JORDAN EGYPT Sinai Peninsula
Israeli Jews’ Claim to Israel #1– The Kingdom Of Israel existed in this area around 1000 BC 2nd Holy Temple (re-built around 500 BC) 1st Holy Temple (around 1000 BC) Located on an elevation called Temple Mount in Jerusalem
Israeli Jews’ Claim to Israel #2 – The holiest site in Judaism (the Wailing or Western Wall) is on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem (the last standing wall of the 2nd Holy Temple in Jerusalem)
Palestinian Arabs’ claim to Palestine #1– The 3rd holiest site in Islam (The Dome of the Rock) also located on Temple Mount in Jerusalem According to the Koran, Mohammad made a journey to and from Heaven from this site in 637 AD. The Palestinian Arabs are Muslim.
Israeli Jews’ Claim to Israel #3 -- Jews need a safe place to go, a place were there is no Anti-Semitism This leads to Zionism - the movement to create a Jewish homeland
End of World War I - Conflicting Promises Palestinian Arabs’ claim to Palestine #2 Britain promised the land to the Arabs at the end of WW I through their diplomat Lawrence of Arabia for their help in the war Israeli Jews’ claim to Israel #4 – The British promised the land to Israel in the BALFOUR DECLARATIONin 1917 (named after British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour)
Palestinian Arabs’ claim to Palestine #3 – Palestinians were living in Palestine when the Jews began moving in
Check for Understanding • What are the four countries that border Israel? • What is the name of the Holy City in Israel? • What is the term for the discrimination of the Jewish people? • What does the term Zionism mean? • Why do the Jewish people want their own homeland? • Why do Palestinian Arabs claim the same land?
Holocaust 1939-45 Israeli Jews claim to Israel #5 – After the genocide of the Holocaust, Jews need a homeland to guarantee their safety.
Israeli Jews’ claim to Israel #6 - The United Nations’ Partition Plan divides Palestine into an Arab & Jewish state in 1947
Making Predictions • Is the UN Partition Plan practical? • Who do you think agrees with and who do you think disagrees with the UN Partition Plan? • Why do they agree/disagree? • Based on your answers to the previous 2 questions, what do you think will happen next?
Check for Understanding • What country controlled the land that is currently called Israel and promised the land to both the Arabs and the Jewish people? • What major world event led to a major increase in the number of Jewish people moving to the Holy Land? • What was the name of the plan that the UN came up with to split up the land between the Palestinians and the Jews?
Objectives • Students will be able to compare the different wars between Israel and Arab countries and the lands controlled by each side after the wars. • Students will be able to compare maps of Israel over time.
First Arab-Israeli War 1948 Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, and Lebanon invade Israel. Israeli claim #7 – Israel won the First Arab-Israeli War and all following wars. Israel declares itself a state (country).
Six Day War -- 1967 Israel afraid of attack so they attacked 1st, destroying most of the Egyptian & Syrian air forces on the ground
Additional Israeli land at the end of the Six Day War: - Sinai Peninsula - Gaza Strip- West Bank (including East Jerusalem)- Golan Heights
United Nations Resolution 242 LAND FOR PEACE
Yom Kippur War -- 1973 Surprise attack Initially • Egypt rolls into the Sinai Peninsula • Syria re-takes the Golan Heights But, Israel recovers and pushes the Syrians and Egyptians back into their own territories.
Making Predictions • If you were one of the Arab countries surrounding Israel, what would you do in response to losing these wars? • The Arab-Israeli War • The Six Day War • The Yom Kippur War • The Jews were scared during & after the Yom Kippur War, how do you think the Israelis are going to plan for the future?
Objectives • Students will understand the first peace deal made by Israel • Students will be able to identify terror tactics used utilized by the Palestinians.
Camp David Accords – Israel & EgyptLAND for PEACE deal Anwar Sadat – Egypt Jimmy Carter – US Menachim Begin – Israel Sinai Peninsula Israel $3 bil/Egypt $2.1 bil Peace
1979 Camp David Accords, Sinai Peninsula returned to Egypt
Check for Understanding • What is the first Arab country to make peace w/Israel? • What was the overall “deal” Israel has to make with enemies to ensure peace?
Terrorism - The Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) – Trying to bring attention to their lack of a homeland PLO hijacking of airplanes PLO terrorist group “Black September” at 1972 Munich Olympic games
Check for Understanding • After 3 wars what new technique did the Arabs turn to in order to get their point across?
Palestinian Terrorism Intifada(s) 1987-93, 2000-9 Suicide Bombing
Oslo Accords -- 1993 Israel – Yitzhak Rabin US – Bill Clinton PLO – Yasser Arafat Peace & Security Money to both Israel w/draws from territories and Israel acknowledges PLO as Palestinian govt. Palestinian Arabs’ reason #4 – the Israelis have promised land for peace
Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin, 1995 Things fall apart
Making Predictions • Is terrorism working? • Is peace working? • If you were Palestinian what would be your next step? • What do you think the Israelis should do?
Election of Mahmoud Abbas (from the Fatah party) as Chairman of the Palestinian Authority - 2005
2005 Israeli pullout of the Gaza Strip and 4 West Bank communities
Objectives • Students will be able to identify the current issues that affect the Israelis and the Palestinians. • Students will be able to discuss unresolved issues that still hamper Israel/Palestine. • Reason: Connect the past with the present and assess the present issues between the Israelis and the Palestinians.
Palestinian Statehood PALESTINE
Who controls Palestine? Fatah Hamas Dedicated to the destruction of Israel Considered a terrorist organization by the United States and Europe Won a majority of the seats in the Palestinian Parliament in 2006 elections Palestinian party in power in the Gaza Strip • Willing to negotiate with Israel • Receives financial assistance from the United States and Europe • Led by MahmoudAbbas, elected president of the Palestinian authority in 2005 • Palestinian party in power in the West Bank NOTE: Israel retains control of both the West Bank and Gaza Strip by controlling Gaza’s borders and maintaining troops in the West Bank.
