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Co-Morbidity of Schizophrenia and Other Medical/Neurological Conditions:. Implications for Occupational Therapy Treatment.
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Co-Morbidity of Schizophrenia and Other Medical/Neurological Conditions: Implications for Occupational Therapy Treatment
Does a co-morbidity of schizophrenia impact the manner, methods, and/or approaches used by occupational therapists in the treatment of individuals with other medical/neurological conditions?
Schizophrenia occurs in approximately 1% of the population of the United States.Thus, 1% of the occurrences of any other condition could involve a person with the symptoms of schizophrenia. Source: NIMH, 2002
Some Common Conditions Which Occur at Equal or Higher Rates for those with schizophrenia than in the General Population
Aging Stroke Diabetes Obesity Multiple Sclerosis
Sexually Transmitted DiseasesPregnancy Substance Abuse Traumatic Injuries Parkinson-like symptoms/TD Domestic Violence
Learning Difficulties Attention Deficits and Distractibility Thought Derailment Attention Capture
Memory Difficulties Information Retrieval Memory Transference
Other Cognitive Difficulties Problem Solving Analysis, Application, Abstraction Accuracy and Quality Assurance Decreased Verbal Skills Relevant vs. Irrelevant Stimuli
Motor Difficulties Reduced Co-ordination Reduced Flexibility Reduced Muscle Tone Psychomotor Poverty
Other Impacts Sedation / Hyperactivity Motivation Self-Esteem Body Image Anhedonia Vision
What adaptations need to be made when treating an individual with schizophrenia who has another medical condition?
Remember the PEO • Therapeutic Relationship • Shorter Treatment Sessions • Reduced Background Stimuli • Incremental Learning • Make Sure of “Common” Vocabulary
Increased Repetitions • Visual Presentations / Demonstrations • Cue Cards • Written Instructions • Practicing of Actual Skills In-situ • Reinforcements