PEPARATION FOR THE 2007 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF ETHIOPIA

1. PEPARATION FOR THE 2007 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF ETHIOPIA • African symposium on statistical development • 15-19 January, 2007 • Kigali, Rwanda

2. AIMS OF PRESENTATION • To provide an overview on • Background information • State of Preparedness & Readiness For 2007 Census • Support For the 2007 Population and Housing Census

3. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND • Background information • Brief History of Census in Ethiopia • Past Experience & Best Practices from Census

4. CONTINUED… BACKGROUND INFORMATION: ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION OF THE COUNTRY • Ethiopia has nine National Sates and Two Administrative Urban Areas, • National States are divided into 63 zones and 561 weredas (districts), • and with 17,330 rural and 1,621 urban kebeles (Smallest administrative unit in the country).

5. CONTINUED… BRIEF HISTORY OF CENSUS IN ETHIOPIA Ethiopia has so far conducted two national population and Housing Census: • The First population and Housing Census in May 1984 • Population counted at that time was 39.9 million. • The Second Population and Housing Census in October 1994 • Population counted at that time was 53.5 million

6. CONTINUED… • The Third population and Housing Census is planned to be conducted in May 2007 under the supervision of Census Commission. • Accordingly, various census preparatory activities are being undertaken.

7. CONTINUED… Learning from past experiences and Best Practices were vital in: • Building the capacity of the agency to prepare Census Project documents; • Assisting to optimize the cost effectiveness; • Building the capacity to design Questionnaires; Prepare various types of Manuals • Increasing awareness of involving users and stakeholders from the outlet in order to be successful in the endeavor, • Importance of ensuring that results released timely,…etc

8. STATE OF PREPAREDNESS FOR CONDUCTING CENSUS • The preparatory work for the census is necessarily long in duration and involves many quite distinct activities. For the purpose of presentation, these preparatory activities are categorized as follows:

9. CONTINUED… • Legal basis for a census • Budget and cost control • Census calendar • Administrative organization • Communication activities, including consultations with users and census publicity. • Plans for the quality control and improvement • Cartographic work • Small area identification.

10. Legal Basis for a Census • Fixing primary administrative responsibility; • Obtaining the necessary funds; • Determining the scope and timing of the census and, • Placing legal obligation upon the public to cooperate with enumerators to give truthful answers and, • Placing legal obligation upon the enumerator to record the responses faithfully;

11. CENSUS YEAR & DATE FIXED • The joint meeting of the House of peoples’ Representative and House of Federation have agreed that the census should be held in 2007. • The Census Commission has fixed the census date to be in • May 2007 for Non-pastoralist Regions and • November, 2007 for pastoralist Region.

12. CENSUS CARTOGRAPHIC WORK • Census cartographic work is one of the major preparatory activities that requires longer time and large proportion of the total census budget for the third census estimated to be about 30-40% of Ethiopia. Major objectives • Preparing an enumeration and supervision area maps that will be used to enumerate every individual and housing unit in the area without omission and duplication.

13. OTHER USES OF CARTOGRAPHIC WORK • To determine the number of enumerators,supervisors and other personnel: • To determine the amount of logistics needed for the enumeration: • For ensuring completeness of coverage; • To provide statistical frame for different demographic and socio economic sample survey; • Provides the basis for producing thematic maps for spatial analysis of the census.

14. PROGRESS OF CENSUS CARTOGRAPHIC FIELDWORK • The number of cartographic teams deployed for cartographic work begun with 45 teams and increased to 130 in 2005. • Out of these, about 28 teams are currently on operation. • So far, about 82,709 Enumeration and 17,041 supervision areas were produced. • About 90,000 Enumeration areas are expected to be produced.

15. ENUMERATION AREA • In rural an enumeration area usually consists of 150-200 households. • Where as in urban area enumeration area consists of 150-200 housing units.

16. CHALENGES • At the beginning of the cartographic work we have shortage of field vehicles. • In the rainy seasons it was difficult to get in to some of the rural areas. • Most of the rural areas have black and white base maps, so that, we had a hard time to read the maps. • As the duration of cartographic work was so long most of the supervisors who were degree holder leave work, therefore, we face problem to substitute them.

17. CONTINUED… • Restructurings of districts and zone which was done by the Regional states created great problem in cartographic work. • We had made different meetings concerning financing the project with donors but we couldn’t get enough support.

18. INTERVENTIONS • UNFPA donated us 25 field vehicles. • Areas with heavy rains were planned to be done in the sunny seasons. • Professionals from Mapping Agency were invited to train the geographical assistant who are working the EA maps. • Additional supervisors were trained and deployed. • Special team were formed to do the updating of the EA maps in the regions where restructuring was done. • The Government of Ethiopia committed to cover all the expenses of the census.

19. PILOT CENSUS • A pilot Census were conducted in two rounds in 250 EAs in May/June 2006. • The objectives of the pilot census will be to assess:- • The census instruments (questionnaires,manuals and control forms); • Enumeration procedures; • The list of historical events as an aid to age estimation; • Recruitment and training procedures for enumerators and supervisors;

20. CONTINUED… • The quality of the EA maps; • Logistics and communications between headquarters and the field; • The publicity level achieved • Data processing strategies. • The captured data will be analyzed and a pilot census and trial report prepared.

21. LESSON LEARNT FROM PILOT • The experience gained from pilot census helped us to revise and rephrase the questionnaires based on the reports and recommendations; • Increasing periods for practical training is more useful, • As expected the results of using primary school teachers as enumerators has improved the amount of rejection rates likely to occur due to poor handling of questionnaires, as scan machines are sensitive.

22. PREPARATION OF CENSUS INSTRUMENTS • Census questionnaires and training materials were prepared and finalized after: • Assessing last census evaluation reports, • Consultation with major data users, • Consultations with larger groups of users in two days Seminar, • Assessing results of pilot censuses conducted in two rounds.

23. CENSUS DATA CAPTURING • Efficient and Effective methods of data capturing and processing are critical issues for the success of the 2007 census. • Key board data entry system was used both: • In 1984 & • In 1994 • Government has endorsed the use of new Scanning technology for the 2007 Census data Capturing. • Pilot Census has been conducted in 100 Enumeration Areas based on questionnaires designed for scanning, • Using this scanning technology pilot census data were successfully captured, • Optical Mark Reader (OMR) type of machine will be used for the 2007 census data capturing.

24. CENSUS ACTIVITIES THAT WERE ACCOMPLISHED • Population and Housing Census Commission Re-established, Census Date Fixed, • Census undertaking is Constitutional meaning there is legal base for census undertaking, • Staff trained in demography & statistics, • Cartographic technical committee established, • Budget requirement for whole census operations is prepared

25. CONTINUED… • Census work Plan/ Calendar prepared, • Base Maps needed for census cartographic were produced, • Demarcation of enumeration Area began in 2003 and completed in most parts of the country, • Census Technical Committees Established; • Consultation with users were conducted;

26. CONTINUED… • Census Questionnaires and Various Forms were Designed and are ready for Printing; • Different committees such as logistic, task force for coordinating advocacy & resources mobilization were Established • Pilot Census were conducted in two phases:

27. SUPPORT FOR THE 2007 CENSUS Census is a huge and expensive operation: • That requires a lot of manpower with different types of skills as well as acquisitions of huge material resources. • On the other hand, data and indicators to be generated from the census are so essential for: • All socio-economic development planning, • Monitoring progress towards national development goals, • Assessing the current demographic and social situation.

28. CONTINUED… • Assessing basic household needs in key sectors, • Identifying special population groups,…etc. Because of these multiple uses of census data in diversified fields • the investment on a census is considered to be a necessity.

29. CONTINUED… • Generally, census requires huge financial resources than any other statistical undertakings. • On one hand, the success of the census undertaking depends on the availability of adequate funds for each activities in the whole operation. • On the other hand, due to limited resources and growing competing needs for the scare resources of the country from other sectors, it is difficult to expect the government alone to bear all census expenses. • Hence, it imperative to device a strategy and advocate for resource mobilization to secure financial support for this third Population and Housing Census.

30. DESIGNED STRATEGY FOR RESOUCE MOBLIZATION • Prepared strategy and implementation plan for the 2007 PHC: • OBJECTIVES: • Mainly to assist The Central statistical Agency (CSA) in seeking financial assistance and, • To set out a program for the conduct of 2007 Census.

31. STRATEGIES FOLLOWED • Distributing strategy and implementation Plan document to potential donors, • Organizing donors meeting in collaboration with UNFPA, • Use availably opportunities to advocating for support of the 2007 Census, on during different meetings with donors. • Arranging bilateral discussion with potential donors jointly with UNFPA or by CSA or UNFPA alone.

32. TOTAL COST OF 2007 CENSUS • Total Budget Required = US$ 73.06million • Government Contribution =US$ 49.11mill. • Support From Partners = US$4.38 million. • Budget Gap = US$ 19.57 million.

33. CONTINUED… • Thank You