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Rail lighting

Rail lighting. Unravelling the standards. Dave Burton – the Tekkyrailguy. What’s all this about?. Who’s involved What their role is, what are the issues What legislation & standards apply How are the standards applied, what do they mean?. Who are the stakeholders?.

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Rail lighting

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  1. Rail lighting Unravelling the standards Dave Burton – the Tekkyrailguy

  2. What’s all this about? • Who’s involved • What their role is, what are the issues • What legislation & standards apply • How are the standards applied, what do they mean?

  3. Who are the stakeholders? • Infrastructure operators • Rail Safety and Standards Board • Department for Transport (DfT) • Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) • Passenger Train Operating Companies (TOCs) • The rail industry supply chain

  4. Infrastructure operators • Network Rail (over 2500 stations, nearly all leased) • Transport for London (Underground, Overground, Croydon Tramlink, Docklands Light Railway) • Provincial Tram networks • Tyne & Wear Metro • Glasgow Subway

  5. Rail Safety & Standards Board (RSSB) • Custodian of EU Technical Standards for Interoperability (TSIs) • Produces Railway Group Standards (RGS, mandatory) • Produces Railway Industry Standards (RIS, voluntary) • Produces extensive guidance documentation www.rgsonline.co.uk Note – RSSB is a quasi-governmental organization, with representatives of all industry bodies. Documents are reviewed by pan-industry committees as well as being subject to public consultation

  6. DfT, ORR and TOCs • DfT - The paymasters for the passenger railway and Network Rail; sets some specific requirements (as part of the rail franchise process); issues some guidance • ORR - Regulates the industry in terms of over-arching safety requirements; can impose financial penalties on Network Rail and train operators; issues guidance, which operators tend to adopt • TOCs – Franchised passenger Train Operating Companies. Very little investment in infrastructure, unless this is a condition of the franchise

  7. The Rail Industry Supply Chain • Major contractors, of which some are “Framework” suppliers • Design consultancies, which may be part of major contractors • SMEs • Equipment suppliers • Procurement agents • Rolling Stock Leasing Companies

  8. What are the issues? • Legislative requirements • Hierarchy • Perception of inconsistency between standards • Myths, history, custom & practice, interpretation

  9. Principle Legislation • EU Procurement, Workplace and Disability Directives • Disability Discrimination Act (and RVAR) • Health & Safety at Work Etc. Act • Construction Design & Management Regulations • Building Regulations • Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order

  10. EU Directives • Procurement – sets limit on value of public sector contracts which must be competitively tendered • Procurement – If an EN is Normative, it has to be applied in public sector procurement works (unless justification not to) • Workplace – Mandates Normative EN workplace standards • Disabled access – through the Persons of Restricted Mobility (PRM) TSI

  11. Health & Safety and CDM • Health & Safety at Work etc. Act and all subsidiary statutory instruments (e.g. Electricity at Work Regulations) apply • HSE issue guidance (HSG38) on workplace lighting – generally rail industry standards require higher levels • CDM is an important consideration – this places great responsibility on designers, equipment must be maintainable safely – this includes lighting

  12. Building Regulations & Approved Documents • The railway is NOT exempt from the Building Regulations, but it can used Approve Inspectors or its own Building Control regime • Most important parts are B (Fire Safety) and L (Conservation of fuel & power) • ADL2 cannot be used to demonstrate compliance for most station areas because there is no Simplified Building Energy Model for these • LENI is a viable measure for transport lighting efficiency

  13. Regulatory Reform Order (RRO) Separate guide for transport premises freely downloadable at: www.gov.uk Does not have much to say about lighting The important issue is to carry out a Risk Assessment

  14. Rail Lighting Standards - Hierarchy • Normative EN standards (and harmonized BS ENs) • Technical Standards for Interoperability (TSI) • Railway Group Standards • Infrastructure controller (Network Rail, TfL) standards • Railway Industry Standards • ORR/HSE guidance and third party guidance/codes

  15. Over-arching requirements • The UK rail industry generally adopts established standards, (e.g. ENs) unless there is a specific reason or need to deviate from these

  16. Technical Standards for Interoparability • Enforced by EU Interoperability Directive • Apply to Trans-European Networks (TENs) • Several UK routes are classed as TENs • These are output based documents with little technical specification • On the RSSB website, some additional information can be found through National Technical Rules (NTRs)

  17. Railway Group Standards for Lighting • Can all be found in the “Infrastructure” area of the RSSB website • GIRT7016 – Interface between station platforms, track and trains, there is also guidance (GIGN7616) on this standard. It primarily is concerned with ensuring sufficient light at the platform/train interface • GIRT7019 – Requirements for lighting in railway tunnels. This does not mandate lighting in railway tunnels, but states the parameters it must meet if installed

  18. Railway Industry Standards • Also in the “Infrastructure” area of the RSSB website • RIS-7700-INS, Station Infrastructure. This is an over-arching standard • RIS-7702-INS, Lighting at Stations. This is a very useful document which distils most of the previous standards (some dating back to British Rail) and which cross-references all of the third party documents

  19. Network Rail standards • There are no specific mandatory documents in the Network Rail standards catalogue, they rely largely on RSSB and others (BS, CIBSE) • There are many copies of old standards (e.g. GM/TT0118) and other requirements which may be specified on particular projects • Many projects have their own requirements • Major Stations use much higher illuminance values than the minimum required in standards (retail) • Network Rail does operate a product approval process

  20. Work Site Lighting Network Rail provides helpful guidance based on HSE HSG38

  21. London Underground standards • 1-066 – Lighting of LU premises (A3 is the current version) • 1-085 – Fire performance of materials • Can all be accessed at www.lulstandards.co.uk • Guidance on the application of 1-066 is in G-073

  22. London Underground standards

  23. LU materials limitations • Refer to Standard 1-085 • “Section 12” no longer exists (taken over by RRO) but the principles of fire resistant materials have not changed • Luminaires used solely at outdoor stations (the majority of LU sites!) may use polymeric materials • For sub-surface locations, some plastics are permitted in limited & dispersed quantities

  24. Other TfL rail standards • TfL aims to align all lighting standard over a period of time • Docklands Light Railway – About to issue ES610 • Overground, London Rail – Variety of standards, mostly Network Rail based • Crossrail – generally aligned with who will operate the stations (Rail for London, Network Rail, LU) • Croydon Tram – BS5489 along the route, 30lux at stops

  25. Third Party Standards & Codes • EN12464 Parts 1&2 Lighting of Indoor/Outdoor Workplaces • E1838 Emergency Lighting • BS5266 Emergency Lighting • SLL (CIBSE) Code for Lighting • DfT guidance for disabled access

  26. EN12464-1 (Indoor Workplaces)

  27. EN12464-2 (Outdoor Workplaces)

  28. Guidance for Persons of Restricted Mobility DfT published guidance based on TSI The TSI is only enforceable for TEN Recommends 20lux average, 10lux min. for platforms 100lux minimum for stairs etc. is challenging at smaller stations

  29. Emergency Lighting • There is no mandate to provide this at existing stations, unless they are sub-surface • Where provided, it should be to at least BS5266 requirements • For outdoor station platforms, the most pragmatic approach is to define an escape route along the platform • As with any other premises, the best approach is to undertake a risk assessment, and this will meet RRO requirements

  30. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) • All products must be CE marked and meet the requirements of the relevant construction standards (EN60598, EN55015) • In terms of emissions, EN61000 and EN50121 must also be met • The signalling part of EN50121 does not apply to luminaires – if a 4kV surge causes a luminaire to fail, that’s not a fault in the safety system

  31. Lifts & Escalators • The lighting parts of EN81 and EN115 apply to rail lifts and escalators, but the infrastructure operators may specify illuminance values in excess of the EN requirement

  32. Summary • The situation is not as complex as it may first appear • The rail industry is however deeply rooted in custom and practice • Innovative lighting solutions are welcomed more readily than they once were • Much of the information needed by designers and specifiers is now available on-line • Over time, rail industry standards will converge

  33. Rail lighting Unravelling the standards Dave Burton – the Tekkyrailguy

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