A clash of Values

1. A clash of Values Chapter 10 section 3

2. Racism & Nativism In the 1920s! • In the 1920s racism and nativism (belief one’s native land should be protected against immigrants) rose. Examples - Sacco & Vanzetti- two Italian anarchist were arrested and sentenced to death for the murder of two men in a shoes factory even thought the evidence was questionable. Video clip - William J. Simmons founded the KKK in Georgia in 1915. The number of members reached 4 million by 1924. -1921, Emergency Quota Act (created restrictions for immigration) -1924, the National Origins Act made immigration restriction a permanent policy, in 1924 it exempted Mexican immigrants in order to fill the need for cheap labor.

3. Clash of Cultures 1. Women won the right to vote in 1920 and with that women began to break free of the traditional roles and behaviors that were expected of them. - Attitudes toward marriage changed considerably.

5. A Clash of culture 2. The following elements played a role in the new morality: • Freudian psychology • the automobile • women in the workforce • fashion • women in college

6. Clash of Cultures 3. Professional women were majoring in science, medicine, law, and literature. 4. Margret Sanger founded the American Birth control League to promote knowledge about birth control.

7. Fundamentalism • Many Americans were worried about the country losing its traditional values. This is known as fundamentalism. - believed the bible was true without error & god created the world (creationism) -In particular, they rejected Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution. 2. In Tennessee a teacher John Scopes was arrested and fined $100 for teaching evolution.

8. Prohibition • People supported the prohibition of alcohol they believed it would clean up the streets. • January 1920 the 18th amendment was passed and alcohol became illegal. • People began smuggling Alcohol in from Canada, speakeasies opened up, and organized crime led by people like Al Capone thrived on the illegal trade of alcohol.

10. Prohibition 4. The Twenty First Amendment in 1933, repealed the Eighteenth Amendment and ended Prohibition. Gangsters & Prohibition

11. Cultural Innovations Chapter 10 section 4

12. Popular Culture • For many Americans in the 1920s, nothing matched the allure of motion pictures & radio. - 1927 the first “talking” picture—The Jazz Singer—was produced. 2. Mass Media- radio, movies newspapers, and magazines entertained & informed a broad audience. They also led to the development of popular culture and mass advertising.

13. Popular Culture 3. Motion pictures also helped spread the popularity of sports in the 1920s. • Baseball • Boxing • College football • Golf • Swimming

14. African American Culture Chapter 10 section 5

15. Harlem Renaissance 1. During the Great Migration hundreds of thousands of African Americans moved from the south to the North. 2. In Harlem, African American artistic development, racial pride, and political organization thrived. 3. The result was a flowering of African American arts that became known as the Harlem Renaissance.

16. Harlem Renaissance

18. Harlem Renaissance 4. When New Orleans native Louis Armstrong moved to Chicago in 1922, he introduced an improvisational early form of jazz. 5. Ragtime also influenced the composer, pianist, and bandleader Edward “Duke” Ellington, who listened as a teenager to ragtime piano players in Washington, D.C. 6. Like many other African American entertainers, Ellington got his start at the Cotton Club.

19. Harlem Renaissance 7. Bessie Smith seemed to symbolize soul - She sang of unfulfilled love, poverty, and oppression—the classic themes of the blues.

20. African Americans and 1920s Politics • While the NAACP pursued racial equality through the courts, black nationalists supported independence and separation from whites. • In 1928 African American voters in Chicago helped elect Oscar DePriest, the first African American representative in Congress from a Northern state. • The NAACP battled valiantly—but often unsuccessfully—against segregation and discrimination against African Americans

21. African Americans and 1920s Politics • A leader from Jamaica Marcus Garvey came to the U.S. , he thought that African Americans could gain economic and political power by education themselves, as well as separating themselves from whites. • President Coolidge used Garvey’s immigrant status to have him deported to Jamaica; however, he had instilled a sense of pride in African Americans and inspired hope for the future.