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The Integumentary System. By Jaymie Mailloux, Alex Popovic , and Maliha Zaman . What is it?. Your body! Your entire “outer coating” is part of the Integumentary System. Comprised of the skin and its appendages (ex. Hair, nails)
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The Integumentary System By Jaymie Mailloux, Alex Popovic, and Maliha Zaman
What is it? Your body! Your entire “outer coating” is part of the Integumentary System. • Comprised of the skin and its appendages(ex. Hair, nails) • Accounts for 12-15% of total body weight and covers 1.5-2m2 of surface area • It is the body’s largest organ system • Protects the body from damage.
What does it do? • Has many functions • Protect the body’s internal living tissues and organs • Protect against invasion by infectious organisms • Protect the body from dehydration • Maintain homeostasis • Helps excrete waste materials through perspiration • Act as a receptor for touch, pain, heat, and cold • Protect the body against sunburn by secreting melanin (pigment that is present in most organisms) • Generate vitamin D through exposure to ultraviolet light • Store water, fat, glucose, and vitamin D • Maintains the body form • Forms new cells to repair injuries • Aids in physical examination • Ex. Skin colour can indicate many conditions
Layers of the Skin-Epidermis • Top layer of skin made up of epithelial cells • Does not contain blood vessels • Protects, absorbs nutrients, and maintains homeostasis • Consists of layers of squamous epithelium • Major cell is keratinocyte, which produces keratin • Fibrous protein that aids in protection and water-proofing • Millions rub off daily • Stiffens epidermal tissue to form fingernails
Layers of the Skin-Dermis • Middle layer of skin • Has blood vessels • Composed of dense irregular connective tissue such as collagen with elastin arranged in a bundled and woven pattern • 2 layers • Papillary layer – superficial layer and consists of areolar connective tissue • Reticular layer – deep layer and consists of dense irregular connective tissue • Give elasticity to integument • Allow stretching and flexibility • Resist distortions, wrinkling, and sagging • Provides a site for the endings of blood vessels and nerves • Includes the bases of many integumental structures, like hair and glands
Layers of the Skin-Hypodermis • Lowest layer of skin • Fibroblasts (type of connective tissue), adipose cells (store energy as fat), and macrophages found here • Secretes the chitinous cuticle • Creates a tough, protective covering • Supervises the other skin from burns and the like • Used mainly for fat storage • Consists mostly of loose connective tissue and lobules of fat • Contains larger blood vessels and nerves than those in the dermis
We LOVE Our Skin! • Interaction with other Systems • Digestive System – absorption (ex. Vitamin D) • Nervous System – sense of touch • Immune System – first defensive layer • Endocrine System – sweat glands • Circulatory System – surface capillaries SKIN The Integumentary is the most visible system, yet it still isn’t that well known. A lot of time is dedicated for upkeep, but to acknowledge the actual importance is difficult. In the end, it’s just important to understand how important and crucial our integumentary system is and it must be take care of like any other part of our body.
