GLORIOUS HISTORY OF INDIA

1. GLORIOUS HISTORY OF INDIA • BY CHAUHAN JAYDIPSINH R.

3. But, the British were still competing with other European nations for influence in India………

5. 1700-1750: Problems • After 1700 the East India Company face many problems, as the activity on pages 23-25 demonstrates. After you have played the game, you should be able to answer this question………

6. What problems did the EIC face?

7. 1700-1750: Problems • The British EIC had Bombay, Calcutta and Madras and at first the British did not want more land. • But then war broke out between rival Indian princes, and the French interfere – making the Indians trade with France (and not Britain). • The EIC would be forced out of India, unless something changed……

8. Robert Clive Conquers India(See pages 34-38 for more details) • Robert Clive worked in an office for the EIC but he was getting bored • The EIC’s force of armed guards was growing into an army; Clive joined them as an officer • In 1751 Clive led 500 men against 10,000 French and Indian soldiers and won!

9. Clive led the EIC’s army to victory many more times, forcing the French out and making the East India Company very powerful – it wasn’t the British government taking over India – it was a British business!

10. From about 1800AD British Christians tried to change Indian customs • The Hindu practice Sati is believed to have originated some 700 years ago in India. • Women burnt themselves after their men were defeated in battles to avoid being taken by the victors. But it came to be seen as a measure of wifely devotion in later years and sometimes relatives would tie-up the wife, forcing her to die. • The custom was outlawed by India's British rulers in 1829 following demands by Indian reformers. But many Indians were against change – especially when forced by the British. • Today it happens only once every few years – and causes outrage across India and the world.

11. The 1857-58 Indian Mutiny/The 1857-58 War of Independence • The pay of Indian soldiers (sepoys) - who were working for the EIC army - was cut • There were rumours that the sepoys would have to convert from Hinduism or Islam to Christianity • Near Delhi some sepoys murdered their British officers and a revolt started against the British across India • Many 100’s of British men, women and children were butchered - Cawnpore saw terrible atrocities • Then the British got their revenge……..

12. At Cawnpore the British made anyone suspected of being a rebel lick the ground where the British had been butchered • Other rebels were tied to the mouths of cannons and blown to pieces • 1000’s died from both sides, and the relationships between the British and the Indians would never be the same again…..

13. The ‘British Raj’, 1858-1947 • In 1858 in response to the rebellion, the British Government abolished the East India Company and declared that India would be ruled directly by the British Government • The army brought more British officers to India to prevent anymore rebellions • This British ‘raj’, meaning ‘rule’, would continue until a man called Gandhi led India to independence….you’ll find out about him in the Year 8 ‘Human Rights, Human Wrongs’ topic…..

14. INDIA Mera Bharath Mahaan

15. The subcontinent of India lies in south Asia, between Pakistan, China and Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's highest mountain chain, where foothill valleys cover the northernmost of the country's 26 states. Further south, plateaus, tropical rain forests and sandy deserts are bordered by palm fringed beaches .

16. 5,000 year old civilization • 325 languages spoken – 1,652 dialects • 18 official languages • 29 states, 5 union territories • 3.28 million sq. kilometers - Area • 7,516 kilometers - Coastline • 1,000,000,000 people in 2000

17. Parliamentary form of Government • Secular democratic constitution • Worlds largest democracy since 55 years • 4th largest economy • Fastest growing IT super power • Indian Railways ,the biggest employer in the world.

18. HISTORY

19. India's history goes back to 3,200 BC when Hinduism was first founded. Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism. Judaism. Zoroashtrianism, Christianity and Islam all exist within the country today.

20. THE TRINITY Generates-Brahma Observes-Vishnu Destroys-Shiva

21. The Great Indian Epics Mahabharata Ramayana Longest Epic in world literature with 100,000 two-line stanzas The first Indian epic

22. Indus Valley Civilization- one of the world’s first great urban civilizations. HarappaCivilization- 2700BC

23. World’s first university in Takshila –700 B.C Ayurveda- earliest school of medicine known to humans Sanskrit Language –most suitable for computer software

24. Yoga-Made in India Origin –5000 BC Documented by 200 BC – 300 AD

25. Origin of Martial arts – 200 BC Kalarippayat

26. 15th August , 1947Indian Independence 26th January , 1950 Republic- India

27. National Emblem “Truth alone triumphs”

28. NATIONAL ANIMAL

29. National Bird - Peacock

30. National Flower - Lotus

31. Great Indian Personalities

32. Aryabhatta Invented the Zero

33. Mahatma Gandhi Father of the nation Embodiment of Non- Violence

34. Swami Vivekananda Champion of humanitarianism

35. Ramanujam Great Indian Mathematician Postulated and proved 3,542 theorems

36. Rabindranath Tagore 1913 – Nobel Prize in Literature

37. C.V Raman 1930 - Nobel Laureate in Physics Work on scattering of light and Raman effect

38. Mother Teresa 1979 – Nobel Prize in Peace

39. Har Gobind Khorana 1968 - Nobel Laureate in Medicine Work on interpretation of the genetic code

40. Subramanyan Chandrasekhar 1983 - Nobel Laureate in Physics Work on structure and evolution of stars

41. DANCE FORMS

42. 45 folk dances

43. 7 Classical Dance forms

44. Bharata Natyam

45. Kathak

46. Kathakali

47. Kuchipudi

48. Manipuri

49. Mohini Attam

50. Odissi