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Peripheral Nervous Systems

Peripheral Nervous Systems. Sensory neurons – carry impulses from receptors to CNS Motor neurons – carry impulses from CNS to effectors (muscles & glands) Parts of the neuron AXON SOMA DENDRITES SYNAPSE Nerves – group of axons and/or dendrites of many neurons. Neuro review.

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Peripheral Nervous Systems

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  1. Peripheral Nervous Systems

  2. Sensory neurons – carry impulses from receptors to CNS • Motor neurons – carry impulses from CNS to effectors (muscles & glands) • Parts of the neuron • AXON • SOMA • DENDRITES • SYNAPSE Nerves – group of axons and/or dendrites of many neurons Neuro review

  3. Motor portions of cranial & spinal nerves • Visceral motor neurons – smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, & glands • contract or relax muscles, increase & decrease gland secretions • 2 divisions • Sympathetic • Parasympathetic Autonomic Nervous System

  4. Located in Thoracolumbar division • Controls internal organ • Dominates in stressful states • Anger • Fear • “Flight or Fight” • Intense physical activity • anxiety Sympathetic Division

  5. Increases HR • Vasodiation in skeletal muscles • Dialates bronchioles • Liver changes glycogen to glucose • Decreases digestive juices • Slows peristalsis • Vasoconstriction in skin Sympathetic Nervous System

  6. Also known as Craniosacral division • Dominates in Non-stressful situations (regular life) • Manages normal body functions Parasympathetic division

  7. Chemicals that allow nerve impulses to travel over synapses Neurotransmitters

  8. Physical Motivation • Stirs the brain to desire to accomplish things Dopamine

  9. “Feel Good” chemicals • Impacts your mood & Anxiety • The higher the level – the “happier” you feel • Decreased amounts can be associated with depression • Some anti-depressants increase serotonin levels • Regulates your sleep (desire to sleep) • Physical movement Serotonin

  10. Review • Excitability of muscles for movement • Also, associated with learning & memory • Participate in attention • Thought that low levels in the cerebrum are associated with Alzheimer’s Acetylcholine

  11. Associated with mood • “mental perkiness” • Produced in the brain’s “pleasure center” • Works opposite Acetylcholine Norepinepherine

  12. Brain’s major excitatory transmitter • Important in linking learning & long-term memory neurons Glutamate

  13. Act like an opiate • Similar to heroine & morphine • Decreases pain • Reduces stress • Promotes the “floating” calm feeling • “Runner’s High” Endorphines

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