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Chapter 10 – Renaissance and Discovery. Part IV September 22, 2009. Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe. After 1450, the shift from divided feudal monarchies to truly sovereign rulers speeded up.
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Chapter 10 – Renaissance and Discovery Part IV September 22, 2009
Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe • After 1450, the shift from divided feudal monarchies to truly sovereign rulers speeded up. • Feudal monarchies were characterized by a sharing of power between the king and powerful vassals. • Often there was a representative assembly such as the Estates General or the Cortes.
Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe • Sovereign monarchs rarely called their representative bodies into session • These strong monarchs began to build standing national armies of professional soldiers • Monarchs were always concerned about raising money since warfare was now becoming more expensive
Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe • France • France’s victory during the Hundred Years’ War (vss England) led to the consolidation of the power of the king) • Louis XI became the first king of a truly unified and powerful kingdom • France would travel down the road of absolute monarchy with the king having all the power
Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe • Spain • Ferdinand and Isabella united the Spanish monarchy in 1469. • They embarked a campaign to Christianize the whole of Spain. • The toleration of Islam and Judaism ended dramatically with the institution of the Spanish Inquisition • Spain also became a vast colonial empire and the dominant world power of the 16th Century
Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe • England • England was wracked by Civil War during the latter half of the 1400’s. • Two families, the Lancaster’s and the York’s fought for supremacy • The Lancaster’s won and founded a new dynasty: The Tudors • The Tudors would dominate England through the 1500’s • Henry VIII • Elizabeth I
Revival of Monarchy in Northern Europe • The Holy Roman Empire • The German territories were not able to politically centralize • Territorial rulers and cities resisted all efforts to unify • Territories were also being split up into smaller and smaller units through inheritance to sons • The Holy Roman Emperor was elected by a 7 member electoral college • The Emperor had the title, but had little true power.
