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Revolutions Review

Revolutions Review. AP World Hisory. One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that. governments should be based on the consent of the people. According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to. protect natural rights.

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Revolutions Review

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  1. Revolutions Review AP World Hisory

  2. One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that

  3. governments should be based on the consent of the people

  4. According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to

  5. protect natural rights

  6. Base your answer to the following question on the statements below and on your knowledge of social studies. • . . . The Laws ought to be so framed, as to secure the Safety of every Citizen as much as possible.. . . The Equality of the Citizens consists in this; that they should all be subject to the same Laws. . . . • — Documents of Catherine the Great, • W.F.Reddaway, ed., Cambridge University Press (adapted) • These ideas of Catherine the Great of Russia originated during the ___________

  7. Age of Enlightenment

  8. Locke’s Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau’s The Social Contract, and • Montesquieu’s The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?

  9. Enlightenment

  10. Base your answers to the following questions on the quotation below and on your • knowledge of social studies. • “. . . Finally, gather together all that we have said, so great and so august [important], • about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under one man: you have seen • his sacred power, paternal and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs • the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you • will have the idea of majesty of kingship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power • itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection • consists the majesty of the prince. . . .” — Jacques-Benigne Bossuet • Which concept is associated with this quotation?

  11. divine right

  12. The Enlightenment and the American Revolution were both major influences on 19th century uprisings in

  13. Latin America

  14. Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by

  15. applying reason and the laws of nature

  16. The ideas of Rousseau, Voltaire, and Montesquieu most influenced

  17. movements for political reform

  18. “. . . Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good. . . .” • —Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, 1789 • Which principle of the Enlightenment philosophers is expressed in this quotation from the French Revolution?

  19. natural law

  20. Base your answers to the following question on the excerpt below and on your knowledge of social studies. • Article 3: Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. . . . • Article 5: No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. . . . • Article 19: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. . . . • — The Universal Declaration of Human Rights • In which time period of Western history did thinkers first express these ideas in written form?

  21. Enlightenment

  22. “If man in the state of nature is free, if he is absolute lord of his own person and possessions, why will he give up his freedom? Why will he put himself under the control of any person or institution? The obvious answer is that rights in the state of nature are constantly exposed to the attack of others. Since every man is equal and since most me do not concern themselves with equity and justice, the enjoyment of rights in the state of nature is unsafe and insecure. Hence each man joins in society with others to preserve his life, liberty, and property.” • — John Locke, Two Treatises of Government, 1690 • This statement provides support for the

  23. formation of government based on a social contract

  24. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. . . .” • This statement best expresses the philosophy of

  25. John Locke

  26. Which revolution resulted from the division of society shown in this diagram?

  27. French (1789)

  28. During which revolution did these executions occur?

  29. French

  30. Which factors protected Russia from control by Napoleon’s army?

  31. geographic size and location

  32. Which geographic factor in Russia played a role in Napoleon’s defeat in 1812 and Hitler’s defeat at Stalingrad in 1943?

  33. harsh climate

  34. Before the French Revolution, the people of France were divided into three estates based mainly on their

  35. social class

  36. How did geography affect both Napoleon’s invasion and Hitler’s invasion of Russia?

  37. The climate created obstacles to success.

  38. One similarity between the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution and the Cultural Revolution in China was that both

  39. used violent methods to eliminate their opponents

  40. “. . . Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good. . . .” • —Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, 1789 • Which principle of the Enlightenment philosophers is expressed in this quotation from the French Revolution?

  41. natural law

  42. The American and French Revolutions were turning points in global history because the results of these revolutions

  43. inspired other peoples seeking democracy and independence

  44. One similarity in the actions of Simón Bolívar and Napoleon Bonaparte is that both leaders

  45. encouraged nationalism

  46. “Estates General Meet for First Time in 175 Years” • “National Assembly Issues Declarations of the Rights of Man” • “Reign of Terror Ends; Robespierre Dies” • Which event in European history is most closely associated with these headlines?

  47. French Revolution

  48. Which two revolutions most influenced 19th-century Latin American independence movements?

  49. French and American

  50. The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte because they hoped he would

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