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EUROPEAN REVOLUTIONS

1820s – 30s. EUROPEAN REVOLUTIONS. The Congress of Vienna and the Concert of Europe. Conservatives try to maintain the status quo. Key Diplomats. Lord Talley rand. Prince Metternich. Spain - 1820 . Soldiers rebel against King Ferdinand VII He agrees to follow the constitution

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EUROPEAN REVOLUTIONS

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  1. 1820s – 30s EUROPEAN REVOLUTIONS

  2. The Congress of Vienna and the Concert of Europe • Conservatives try to maintain the status quo

  3. Key Diplomats Lord Talley rand Prince Metternich

  4. Spain - 1820 • Soldiers rebel against King Ferdinand VII • He agrees to follow the constitution • The Great Powers (Austria, Prussia, Russia, Britain, France) meet at the Congress of Troppau and issue the Protocol of Troppauwhich said stable governments could intervene in states experiencing revolutions

  5. Greece – 1821“The Eastern Question” • Fight for independence from the Ottomans

  6. Philhellenic Societies • Poets and intellectuals like Lord Byron supported the Greeks

  7. Greek Independence • 1827 – Britain, Russia, France sign the Treaty of London demanding Greek independence • 1829 – Treaty of Adrianople: Russia gains control of what’s now Romania; Britain, Russia, and France can decide the fate of Greece • 1830 – Treaty of London: declared Greece independent • 1832 - Otto I made king of Greece

  8. Russia – The Decembrist Revolt1825 • Political unrest and secret societies existed within the military • After the death of Czar Alexander I, his brother Nicholas I took the throne Czar Alexander I

  9. NICHOLAS I • Some soldiers rebelled against the czar and supported his brother Constantine

  10. The Decembrists

  11. He then adopted a policy of “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationalism” Nicholas I shut down the uprising and the conspirators were executed or exiled to Siberia

  12. France – 1830 – The July Revolution • King Charles X believed in rule by divine right • He gave $ to aristocrats who lost land in the revolution • He restored primogeniture • In 1829 he appointed more ultraroyalists to his government

  13. In July 1830 he issued the Four Ordinances which restricted freedom of the press, dissolved the French legislature, restricted the franchise to the wealthy, and called for new elections

  14. The July Revolution • Fighting broke out in July • Charles X abdicated on August 2 • Middle-class liberals combine with working class to create a constitutional monarchy • Louis-Philippe was proclaimed the new king of France

  15. The July Monarchy • The new government • was more liberal • Censorship was abolished • More people could vote • But, socially it was still conservative • The rich still had more power • The workers still had problems

  16. Belgium - 1830 • In August Belgian nationalists began rebelling against the Dutch • The Dutch sent ships to try and defeat them

  17. The Belgians manage to win their independence

  18. The Great Powers approve • Belgian independence was possible because Britain and France supported it • Austria, Prussia, and Russia were too busy dealing with other issues to interfere • Leopold of Saxe-Coburg (a German Prince and British subject) becomes King Leopold I

  19. Poland - 1830 • Soldiers and students revolted in Warsaw • The Polish Diet voted to depose the Russian Czar as ruler of Poland • Czar Nicholas I sent troops and crushed the rebellion

  20. Serbia - 1830 • Rebels fight against the Ottomans • In 1830 they’re granted independence

  21. Britain • No REVOLUTION • REFORMS • Catholic Emancipation Act • The Great Reform Act of 1832 • Chartism • Repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 Sir Robert Peel

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