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Unit 3 Study Guide. Where did the Constitutional Convention take place? (City, State ). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Explain how the 3/5 Compromise works in determining population and representation in Congress. Every five enslaved persons would count as three free persons.
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Where did the Constitutional Convention take place? (City, State) • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Explain how the 3/5 Compromise works in determining population and representation in Congress • Every five enslaved persons would count as three free persons
What was the name of the Compromise that appeased both the large states and small states and what did it state about representation in government? • The Great Compromise (former ally called the Connecticut Plan)
What was the date of the beginning of the Constitutional Convention? • May 25, 1787
What was the date of the signing of the Constitution? • September 17, 1787
What year were the Articles of Confederation ratified? • March 1, 1781
List the 3 parts of the Constitution • Pre-Amble • 7 Articles • 27 Amendments
Which article of the Constitution describes the powers of the Supreme Court? • Article 3
Which article discusses debts and treaties of the states, and establishes the “supremacy clause”? • Article 6
List the five basic principles of the Constitution • Popular Sovereignty • Limited Government • Federalism • Separation of Powers • Checks and Balances
What is the only amendment to be ratified using the state convention option? • 21st
Out of the original 13 states, how many states needed to ratify the Constitution for it to become law? • 9
When did the delegates sign the Constitution? • September 17, 1787
How can the Congress override a President’s veto? • 2/3 vote from both the Senate and the House of Representatives
In order for a National Convention to occur, how many of the states must request it? • ¾ (38 States)
Enumerated Powers are powers the Constitution gives specifically to the National Government and are also known as? • Expressed Powers • Implied Powers • Delegated Powers
During the Constitutional Convention, which state plan of government called for a 2 House legislature based on population? • Virginia Plan
Which compromise addressed how the President would be chosen? • Electoral College Compromise
Who kept a historical diary of the events taking place at the Constitutional Convention? • James Madison
Which three Federalists wrote “The Federalist Papers? • James Madison • John Jay • Alexander Hamilton
Who proposed the Virginia Plan and who proposed the New Jersey Plan? • James Madison proposed the Virginia Plan • William Patterson proposed the New Jersey Plan
Who is the “Father of the Constitution” and writer of the Bill of Rights? • James Madison
Which article of the Constitution describes the process for changing or amending the Constitution? • V (5)
Via Popular Sovereignty, under the Constitution, the WILL of the people is expressed through what actions? • Voting
Which article defines how and when the Constitution will be approved and takes place? • VII (7)
List two ways in which a state may ratify an amendment • Ratified by the state legislature in ¾ of the states • Ratified by conventions held in ¾ of the states
What clause located in Article I of the Constitution is the foundation for all IMPLIED Powers of Congress? • Necessary and Proper Clause
Which clause located in Article IV (4) says states must recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state? • Full Faith and Credit Clause
List the 4 Compromises that were declared at the Constitutional Convention. • The Great Compromise (Originally the Connecticut Plan) • The 3/5 Compromise • The Commerce and Slave Compromise • The Electoral College Compromise
Which branch of the government is controlled by the Congress? • Legislative Branch
Which branch of the government is led by the President? • Executive
Which branch of government is led by the Supreme Court? • Judicial
Which branch of government makes the laws? • Legislative
Which branch of government carries out the laws? • Executive
What ‘plan’, proposed at the Constitutional Convention, called for a one-house legislature? • New Jersey Plan
Which state was the first to write its own Constitution? • Connecticut
What was the Land Ordinance of 1785? • Provided a way to survey the land west of the Appalachian Mountains
What was the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? • Established how western land could become states.
List the specifics of the Great Compromise. • Virginia Plan—two house legislature both houses based on population. • New Jersey Plan—one house legislature based on equal representation. • Combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to create our Legislative Branch. • Two house legislature (bicameral), one house based on equal representation (Senate) and the other house based on population (The House of Representatives)
What was the Northern states arguments when it came down to the 3/5 Compromise? • Slaves did not have right to vote, therefore should not count as population because it would give the Southern States more power in Congress
Explain how the Electoral College works and why did the Founding Fathers create such a policy?
What is Federalism? • The division of power between the federal government and the state governments.
What was the biggest argument between Federalists and Anti-Federalists? • The Federalists wanted a Constitution that would give the central government more power. • The Anti-federalists were concerned that the central government would abuse the power so they wanted a Bill of Rights added to the Constitution.
What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers? • The persuade Americans to ratify the Constitution
What is the purpose of the Preamble of the Constitution? • To state the purpose of the federal government
By what vote can Congress override a President’s veto? • 2/3