Unit 3 Study Guide

1. Unit 3 Study Guide

2. Where did the Constitutional Convention take place? (City, State) • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

3. Explain how the 3/5 Compromise works in determining population and representation in Congress • Every five enslaved persons would count as three free persons

4. What was the name of the Compromise that appeased both the large states and small states and what did it state about representation in government? • The Great Compromise (former ally called the Connecticut Plan)

5. What was the date of the beginning of the Constitutional Convention? • May 25, 1787

6. What was the date of the signing of the Constitution? • September 17, 1787

7. What year were the Articles of Confederation ratified? • March 1, 1781

8. List the 3 parts of the Constitution • Pre-Amble • 7 Articles • 27 Amendments

9. Which article of the Constitution describes the powers of the Supreme Court? • Article 3

10. Which article discusses debts and treaties of the states, and establishes the “supremacy clause”? • Article 6

11. List the five basic principles of the Constitution • Popular Sovereignty • Limited Government • Federalism • Separation of Powers • Checks and Balances

12. What is the only amendment to be ratified using the state convention option? • 21st

13. Out of the original 13 states, how many states needed to ratify the Constitution for it to become law? • 9

14. When did the delegates sign the Constitution? • September 17, 1787

15. How can the Congress override a President’s veto? • 2/3 vote from both the Senate and the House of Representatives

16. In order for a National Convention to occur, how many of the states must request it? • ¾ (38 States)

17. Enumerated Powers are powers the Constitution gives specifically to the National Government and are also known as? • Expressed Powers • Implied Powers • Delegated Powers

18. During the Constitutional Convention, which state plan of government called for a 2 House legislature based on population? • Virginia Plan

19. Which compromise addressed how the President would be chosen? • Electoral College Compromise

20. Who kept a historical diary of the events taking place at the Constitutional Convention? • James Madison

21. Which three Federalists wrote “The Federalist Papers? • James Madison • John Jay • Alexander Hamilton

22. Who proposed the Virginia Plan and who proposed the New Jersey Plan? • James Madison proposed the Virginia Plan • William Patterson proposed the New Jersey Plan

23. Who is the “Father of the Constitution” and writer of the Bill of Rights? • James Madison

24. Which article of the Constitution describes the process for changing or amending the Constitution? • V (5)

25. Via Popular Sovereignty, under the Constitution, the WILL of the people is expressed through what actions? • Voting

26. Which article defines how and when the Constitution will be approved and takes place? • VII (7)

27. List two ways in which a state may ratify an amendment • Ratified by the state legislature in ¾ of the states • Ratified by conventions held in ¾ of the states

28. What clause located in Article I of the Constitution is the foundation for all IMPLIED Powers of Congress? • Necessary and Proper Clause

29. Which clause located in Article IV (4) says states must recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state? • Full Faith and Credit Clause

30. List the 4 Compromises that were declared at the Constitutional Convention. • The Great Compromise (Originally the Connecticut Plan) • The 3/5 Compromise • The Commerce and Slave Compromise • The Electoral College Compromise

31. Which branch of the government is controlled by the Congress? • Legislative Branch

32. Which branch of the government is led by the President? • Executive

33. Which branch of government is led by the Supreme Court? • Judicial

34. Which branch of government makes the laws? • Legislative

35. Which branch of government interprets the laws? • Judicial

36. Which branch of government carries out the laws? • Executive

37. What ‘plan’, proposed at the Constitutional Convention, called for a one-house legislature? • New Jersey Plan

38. Which state was the first to write its own Constitution? • Connecticut

39. What was the Land Ordinance of 1785? • Provided a way to survey the land west of the Appalachian Mountains

40. What was the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? • Established how western land could become states.

41. List the specifics of the Great Compromise. • Virginia Plan—two house legislature both houses based on population. • New Jersey Plan—one house legislature based on equal representation. • Combined the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan to create our Legislative Branch. • Two house legislature (bicameral), one house based on equal representation (Senate) and the other house based on population (The House of Representatives)

42. What was the Northern states arguments when it came down to the 3/5 Compromise? • Slaves did not have right to vote, therefore should not count as population because it would give the Southern States more power in Congress

43. Explain how the Electoral College works and why did the Founding Fathers create such a policy?

44. What is Federalism? • The division of power between the federal government and the state governments.

45. What was the biggest argument between Federalists and Anti-Federalists? • The Federalists wanted a Constitution that would give the central government more power. • The Anti-federalists were concerned that the central government would abuse the power so they wanted a Bill of Rights added to the Constitution.

46. What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers? • The persuade Americans to ratify the Constitution

47. What is the purpose of the Preamble of the Constitution? • To state the purpose of the federal government

48. What year did NC ratify the Constitution? • 1789

49. By what vote can Congress override a President’s veto? • 2/3

50. By what vote can an amendment be proposed? • 2/3