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Ch 6, Sec 2: Hinduism and Buddhism

Ch 6, Sec 2: Hinduism and Buddhism. Hinduism. 3 rd largest religion of the world Brought to India with the Aryans Has many gods/goddesses that control nature Hymns and poems recited by Brahmans were written down in Sanskrit and mixed with other faiths to create Hinduism. Early Hinduism.

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Ch 6, Sec 2: Hinduism and Buddhism

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  1. Ch 6, Sec 2: Hinduism and Buddhism

  2. Hinduism • 3rd largest religion of the world • Brought to India with the Aryans • Has many gods/goddesses that control nature • Hymns and poems recited by Brahmans were written down in Sanskrit and mixed with other faiths to create Hinduism

  3. Early Hinduism • Mixed many religions together • Had 1000’s of gods/goddesses all a part of the universal spirit called the Brahman

  4. What were the Upanishads? • Ancient writings that describe the search for the universal spirit • Explains how a person’s soul reunites with the Brahman at death • Lump of salt with water story

  5. What is Karma? • How you live your life determines your next life • Good acts=a good next life in a higher caste • Bad acts=a bad next life in a lower caste • Completed in an act called reincarnation-A person is reborn many times before reaching the Brahman • Determines how people treat each other

  6. How do you get a better life? • Hindus must follow their Dharma of their caste • Dharma-divine law that explains the duties of each caste and how people should act • How you perform your Dharma determines your karma

  7. Affects of Reincarnation on India • Reinforced the caste system • Motivated people to work hard in their own caste • Gave hope to each group to want more in the next life

  8. Buddhism • Started in 600 B.C. • Hindus lost faith in the priests • Hindus wanted an easier faith • Buddhism was created by Siddhartha Gautama

  9. Who is Siddhartha Gautama? • Prince Siddhartha Gautama was born in Nepal • Was raised within the walls of the palace • As a man, he decided to leave his family and explore the country • He witnessed the poverty of the country

  10. How did Siddhartha Gautama become the Buddha? • He left his family in search of why people suffer and how to solve the suffering • Started fasting and sleeping on the ground-almost died • Tried meditating-lasted 49 days and found the answer • Became the Buddha or “enlightened one” • Traveled the land to spread his teachings

  11. Ideas of Buddhism • Give up all desires for worldly possessions • This leads to pain and suffering to end • If you can do this, you reach Nirvana “state of wisdom” • All ideas are in the Four Noble Truths

  12. What are the Four Noble Truths? • Life is full of suffering • People suffer because they desire worldly things and self-satisfaction • The way to end suffering is to stop desiring things • The only way to stop desiring things is to follow the Eightfold Path

  13. Eightfold Noble Path • 8 steps to end suffering • 1. Know the Four Noble Truths • 2. Don’t hurt others • 3. Tell the truth • 4. Don’t commit evil acts • 5. Do rewarding work • 6. Work for good and oppose evil • 7. Make sure your mind keeps your senses under control • 8. Practice meditation to understand reality

  14. Why did the Buddha become popular? • He did not believe in the caste system • Believed in reincarnation • Believed a person could stop being reborn if he/she followed the Eightfold Path • Gave hope to the untouchables and lower castes that they could reach enlightenment • Not a big religion of India today

  15. Buddhism splits into two groups in Asia • 1. Theravada Buddhism • “teachings of the elders” • Saw Buddha as a teacher and not a god • Popular in the South and East • Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos were centers of this group

  16. Buddhism splits into two groups in Asia • 2. Mahayana Buddhism • Teaches the Buddha was a god that came to save the world • Thought following the Eightfold Path was too hard • Taught people should worship the Buddha and this would allow people to go to heaven at death • Once in Heaven, followers can follow the Eightfold Path to reach nirvana • Supported in China, Korea, and Japan

  17. Who were the Bodhisattvas? • Supported by Mahayana Buddhism • Enlightened people who delay heaven to help others and do good deeds

  18. Mahayana Buddhism in Tibet • Mixed with Hinduism • Lamas, religious leaders, ran the country known as a theocracy • Dalai Lama-ran the gov’t • Panchen Lama-ran the faith • Both men were thought to be reincarnated Buddha

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