Future Challenges in Aviation Psychology

1. Future Challenges in Aviation Psychology • Manfred Barbarino Human Factors Domain ManagerEUROCONTROLmanfred.barbarino@eurocontrol.int European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation

2. 20 years aviation About me … 1993 EUROCONTROL Human Factors Manager 2002 EAAP President

3. Scope We Future Today

4. Scope We Future Today

5. Key drivers for our work 80 % Automation Human Role Regulation 2020+ 1960

6. Key Objectives Allocation Change Acceptance Competence Technology Usability Error Management

7. Key Objectives Allocation Change Acceptance Competence Technology Usability Error Management

8. Allocation of tasks and functions Machine Machine Human Functions Task Task Functions Functions Task Functions Task

9. Key Objectives Allocation Change Acceptance Competence Technology Usability Error Management

10. Competence Selection Training Licensing

11. Key Objectives Capabilities Change Acceptance Competence Technology Usability Error Management

12. Error Management Prevention 80 % Learning after Learning before CRM TRM Error Analysis LOSA HERA NOSS CISM

13. Key Objectives Allocation Change Acceptance Competence Technology Usability Error Management

14. Human Factors Integration Process Stage 1 Fact Finding Scope project from an HF Perspective Stage 2 Issues Analysis Identify HF Issues & potential impacts Stage 3 Action Plan Develop HF Plan Stage 4 Action Implemen- tation Implement HF Action Plan Stage 5 HF Case Review Review effectiveness of HF Case Process “HF Case - a process to systematically identify and manage HF issues throughout ATM projects.”

15. Human Factors Pie

16. Human Factors Impacts Acceptance Workload Cognitive Processes Comfort Trust Stress Error Skill Change Fatigue Situation Awareness Job Satisfaction Motivation

17. Key Objectives Allocation Change Acceptance Competence Technology Usability Error Management

18. Institutional Changes in ATM Reorganisation Merging ACCs NUAC SES CEATS DFS – Merging ACCs FABs

19. Change Acceptance Strategy & Plan Gain Acceptance Train & Develop Future Situation Current Situation Communicate & Involve Resources Create New Culture

20. Key Objectives Allocation Change Acceptance Competence Technology Usability Error Management

21. Human Factors added value Errors and incidents Early Human Factors Integration Resistance to change Implementation delays Training time & costs Redesign and retrofit

22. Scope We Future Today

23. P-RNAV ASMGCS FUA PENS Airspace Strategy + 12 others ATSAW CHAIN Mode S 4D CDM SWIM DMEAN CASCADE VDL-Mode 2 Master Plan ECIP TMA2010 VDR KPI’s FAB AIM

24. SESAR - a new ATM system in 2020+ 3 x Capacity 3 x Safety - 50% Costs - 10% Environ- ment

25. SESAR Evolution ATAProposal Call for Tender Definition Phase SESAR Proposal Development Phase 2003 2004 2005 2006 to 2008 2008 to 2013 ----------- Airspace Users Airlines ANS Providers Airports Associates Unions, R&D Supply Industry EURO-CONTROL

26. SESAR Definition Phase Air Transport Framework: The Current Situation ATM Performance Targets ATM Target Concept ATM Deployment Sequence ATM Master Plan Work Programme for 2008-2013

27. Likely changes for ATM operations Role More planning & monitoring Increased Automation Reliance, trust & system knowledge Enhanced information advices & warnings MTCD, ASAS, SWIM, CDM ATCO Increased Flexibility (air*ground)*(man*machine) separations & traffic mix Less Uncertainty & Strategic Planning 2D, 3D, 4D trajectories From “tactical intervention towards planning and intervention by exception” Source: SESAR M2 DLM

28. Human Factors Impacts Acceptance Workload Cognitive Processes Comfort Trust Stress Error Skill Change Fatigue Situation Awareness Job Satisfaction Motivation

29. SESAR Lessons: HF Strengths

30. SESAR Lessons: HF Weaknesses

31. Scope We Future Today

32. Future Key Issues What are the future key issues for Aviation Psychology and Human Factors ? • Exercise: • Work in groups: max. 3-5 issues • 5 minutes • One minute presentation of findings

33. Aviation Psychology & Human Factors Improvements Communication Communication Communication • Get into the aviation development life cycle as early as possible • Understand and speak the language of your customers • Do not engage in academic debates in front of your customer • Praise the work of colleagues and even competitors • Do not reinvent the wheel each time – learn form the past • Build and use networks – share, learn and build synergies You can even use Human Factors principles to improve your PowerPoint presentations !

34. Aviation Psychology & Human Factors Improvements • Get into the aviation development life cycle as early as possible • Understand and speak the language of your customers • Do not engage in academic debates in front of your customer • Praise the work of colleagues and even competitors • Do not reinvent the wheel each time – learn form the past • Build and use networks – share, learn and build synergies

35. Getting the message across Presenter Audience Message

36. Improvements

37. EAAP – a network for Aviation Psychology Website & Discussion Forum Conferences University Network Course Recognition Membership Administration Certifications

38. Last but not least . . . Keep going - we need you !