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Cognitive Thinking

Cognitive Thinking. Pages 85-89 A.P. 376-380. Objectives . Compare and contrast assimilation and accommodation Describe the 4 stages of Cognitive development by Jean Piaget Analyze the differences in each stage. chapter 3. Thinking.

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Cognitive Thinking

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  1. Cognitive Thinking Pages 85-89 A.P. 376-380

  2. Objectives • Compare and contrast assimilation and accommodation • Describe the 4 stages of Cognitive development by Jean Piaget • Analyze the differences in each stage

  3. chapter 3 Thinking According to Piaget, cognitive development consists of mental adaptations to new observations. Two adaptive processes Assimilation: absorbing new information into existing cognitive structures Accommodation: modifying existing cognitive structures in response to new information

  4. Jean Piaget [Zhan Pee-ah-ZHAY] • Cognitive Development: Piaget’s Theory. Children don’t think like adults do. • Thinking, perceiving, remembering= Cognitive Development • Schemata- Cognitive rules of the World • 2 different ways to develop cognitively • Assimilation is a mental process that modifies new information to fit with existing schemes • F.E.: Read about a new film by favorite actor/author OR golden retriever and poodle both dogs

  5. Assimilation

  6. Piaget cont… • Accommodation- Restructuring or modifying schemas to incorporate new information • F.E. cat does not belong in the dog category, scheme. • Child bird schema is fly; then learn butterfly flies BUT IS NOT A BIRD.

  7. 4 stages of COGNITIVE DEVELOPEMENT • 1st Sensorimotor Stage-( Birth-2 years old) • Reflexive or instinctive motor responses • Mental representation- Children can now form mental images of objects and events AND use them to problem solve • Object Permanence- Liberates the child from his/her immediate surroundings. • F.E. Peek-A-BOO!

  8. 4 stages

  9. chapter 3 Sensorimotor stage Birth–2 years Major accomplishment is object permanence. The understanding that an object continues to exist even when you cannot see or touch it

  10. Preoperational

  11. chapter 3 Preoperational stage Ages 2–7 Focused on limitations of children’s thinking. Children at this age could not reason. Unable to perform operations Egocentric Cannot grasp concept of conservation

  12. PRE OPERATIONAL STAGE: 2-7 years • 2nd stage; allows sense of self, different from others • Egocentrism- Self-centered focus. Cannot empathize • Glass exercise Page 86 • Conservation- Realize stretched out beads are just as long as scrunched up beads

  13. Not yet to conservation or stage 2

  14. chapter 3 Conservation Of substance “Do the two pieces have the same amount of clay?” Of number “Do the two rows have the same number of pennies?”

  15. 3rd stage: Concrete Operational Stage: 7-11 years old • Mental operations-Overcome problem of Irreversibility • Addition, subtraction, division, multiplication

  16. Stage 3

  17. chapter 3 Concrete operations Ages 7–12 Children’s thinking is still grounded in concrete experiences and concepts, but they can now understand conservation, reversibility, and causation.

  18. 4th stage Formal Operations :12-Adulthood • Abstract reasoning- reason about situations they have not experienced first hand and they think about future possibilities • Search systematically for answers to problems • Ask around, internet, call, tweet, FB, • Premise common to culture and experience • This one time and football camp…., 2nd guy I was there, Story.

  19. chapter 3 Formal operations stage Ages 12–adulthood Teenagers are capable of abstract reasoning Can compare and classify ideas Can reason about situations not personally experienced Can think about the future Can search systematically for solutions

  20. Stage 4

  21. chapter 3 Current views of cognitive development Cognitive abilities develop in continuous, overlapping waves. Preschoolers are not as egocentric as Piaget thought. Children understand more than Piaget thought. Cognitive development is spurred by growing speed and efficiency of information processing. Cognitive development depends on the child’s education and culture.

  22. More counter to Piaget • Lev Vygotsky, Russian psychologist, said Piaget really DOES NOT take into account education and culture • Nomadic tribes. Aborigines count to five then everything else is many • Do not quantify things

  23. Summary • 4 stages of Cognitive development • 2 points each from each stage: age or term • Modern Viewpoint

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