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“The Period of Expanding Knowledge and Technological Revolution”. Perspectives from Nila Banton Smith & Matt Sutton. Introduction. The period 1950 to 1965 is a time of knowledge growth and technological innovation. (Sound familiar?) Nationalism is at the heart of education during this era.
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“The Period of Expanding Knowledge and Technological Revolution” Perspectives from Nila Banton Smith & Matt Sutton
Introduction • The period 1950 to 1965 is a time of knowledge growth and technological innovation. (Sound familiar?) • Nationalism is at the heart of education during this era. • Gwinn stated, “The task of public education in this age is to develop the knowledge, appreciations, skills and attitudes necessary for living in in a changing world [and] to defend democracy against the threat of totalitarianism” (Smith, 2002, p. 289). • We must read to defend the U.S.!
Pressures Following the Flight of Sputnik • The Russian orbiter prompted a “thundering public demand for education” (p. 290). • Reading was deemed essential in raising one’s level of education. • The criticism levied by laymen against reading instruction did have three positive effects: • Methods were examined in more depth. • Parents and other concerned members of society get more involved. • Research, along with the psychology and philosophy upon which it was based, received more attention.
The Impetus of Government Support • “President John F. Kennedy took an unprecedented interest in education and asked Congress to approve larger amounts of money to promote education” (p. 291). • President Johnson declared war on poverty. • Most of the one fifth of the U.S. population living in poverty were “functionally illiterate,” et cetera (p. 292). • Job training centers educated those who were out of school and out of work.
The Impetus of Government Support (Continued) • Education was viewed in socioeconomic
Reading Instruction at High School, College, and Adults Levels
The Outloook for Reading Specialization and Teacher Preparation Is Optimistic