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Optimizing Fertilizer Management Using Nitrogen-Rich Strips and Response Index for Improved Yields

This study by G. V. Johnson and W. R. Raun at Oklahoma State University explores a new strategy for fertilizer management. The research highlights the challenges with current nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in cereals and proposes a novel approach involving N-Rich Strips to match seasonal crop needs, along with in-season yield estimation for enhanced profitability. Field trials demonstrated the effectiveness of this strategy in managing temporal variability, improving NUE, and reducing fertilizer waste.

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Optimizing Fertilizer Management Using Nitrogen-Rich Strips and Response Index for Improved Yields

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  1. Pre-Season Nitrogen-Rich Strips and Response Index as a New Strategy for Fertilizer Management. G. V. Johnson and W. R. Raun Dept. Plant & Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK

  2. The Problem: Poor NUE • Worldwide NUE in cereals  33% • 1 % improvement  490,000 Mg/yr • 1 % improvement  $235,000,000/yr. • Higher NUE = lower field N losses

  3. Poor NUE

  4. Poor NUE

  5. Poor NUE • Result of mineral N present at concentrations in excess of plant needs.

  6. Temporal variability • Uncertain yield potential

  7. Temporal variability • Uncertain use (availability) of non-fertilizer N

  8. What is wrong with current N management?

  9. Problems with conventional N management • Assumes temporal variability is negligible. • Yield potential is the same each year. • Supply of non-fertilizer N to crop is constant and negligible. • N application rate for field is the same each year. • Assumes preplant fertilizer-N will be efficiently used.

  10. New Strategy • Apply little or no N fertilizer to field preplant, except for N-Rich Strip. • N-Rich Strip = N rate to meet seasonal needs of crop.

  11. 90 N Preplant 45 N Preplant New Strategy • Estimate potential N response in-season. RINDVI = 1.46

  12. New Strategy • Estimate potential N response in-season.

  13. YPMAX YPN YP0 New Strategy • Provide in-season estimate of yield (INSEY)

  14. Economic estimates Average Gain = $10.73/acre/yr

  15. Economic estimates Average Gain = $17.13/acre/yr

  16. Topdress N Return ($/Ac) Obs. Treatment Preplant N Early Late Total N Yld (bu/a) 81 VRT 41 15 23 79 39.8 100 17 Farmer Check 52 21 20 92 34.6 82 2002 Field trials • 10 trials using 60-ft boom sensor-applicator. • Web site. • http://www.dasnr.okstate.edu/nitrogen_use/

  17. Conclusions • Temporal variability can be managed. • Create N-Rich Strip in each field. • Evaluate yield potential and N responsiveness in-season using sensor. • New management strategy improves NUE and profitability for farmers. • New management strategy reduces field loss of fertilizer.

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