NATIONAL GHG INVENTORY OF TURKEY by Dr. AL İ CAN

1. NATIONAL GHG INVENTORY OF TURKEY by Dr. ALİ CAN

2. Introduction • Turkeyratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in May 2004. • As a Party to the Convention, Turkey has prepared its first national inventory report and CRF tables for the period 1990 – 2004. • As an Annex I party to the Convention, Turkey is required to develop annual inventories on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol using the methodology approved by the UNFCCC.

3. Methodology • In Turkey, the major actor of the GHG inventory is the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT). • National emission inventory and Common Reporting Format (CRF) tables have been prepared in accordance with: • * the methodologies used in the calculation of emissions are based on the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC Guidelines) • * the UNFCCC Reporting Guidelines on Annual Inventories as adopted by the conference of the Parties to the Convention (COP) • * the IPCC Good Practice Guidance • * Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventoriesprepared by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

4. Stakeholders • Land Use and Land Use Change: “Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Strategy Development Section” and “Harran University” • Forestry: “Ministry of Environment and ForestryDepartment of Research and Development” and “İstanbul University” • Transport: “Ministry of Transport General Directorate of Railways, Harbors and Airports Construction” and “İstanbul Technical University” • F Gases: “Ministry of Environment and Forestry General Directorate of Environmental Management” and “Turkish Technology Development Foundation” • Energy balance tables:Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources • Agriculture and Industries: Other related departments from TURKSTAT as a data provider

5. Activities • The national GHG inventory preparation was divided into the following basic activities: • * Collecting the data, • * Choosing the emission factors for estimating, • * Processing the activity data(), • * Determination of the key GHG emission sources (), • * Evaluation of the result, • uncertainty (), • trend analysis(), • (System )

6. Points • Certain parts are presented as aggregated quantities due to data confidentiality of the processes and activities in the industrial processes sector, • When assessing the emissions of F-gases only the actual emissions of the HFCs and SF6 were taken into account. Because the usage of PFCs is not present in Turkey, • The solid waste data were gathered from all municipalities. However, the annual survey has been done discontinously. Only the data for years 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are available. Others are estimated by regression analysis, • The local energy conversion factors are applied for the reference approach on calculations of domestic lignite, hardcoal and petroleum. These factors are changing for each year owing to the quality of fuels,

7. Points (Con’t) • Emissions from International Bunkers are not included in the emissions owing to the lack of data, • The transport of fuels is not a part of the energy balance of Turkey and emissions are not estimated, • The emission from the combustion of fuels in iron and steel industry is only the result of burning of fuels in large scale iron and steel production industries. The emission from the small and medium scale enterprises are included in other industries since their fuel combustion can not be obtained separately, • The lack of data for solvent use hinder to estimate the CO2, N20 and NMVOC emissions.

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