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Jeopardy! Macromolecules

Jeopardy! Macromolecules. Ground Rules:. Every team answers every question. I do this so that the maximum number of students are participating. Its not a race, just find the right answer, and they will all be scored at once. You only gain points (this keeps the math a lot easier).

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Jeopardy! Macromolecules

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  1. Jeopardy!Macromolecules

  2. Ground Rules: • Every team answers every question. I do this so that the maximum number of students are participating. • Its not a race, just find the right answer, and they will all be scored at once. • You only gain points (this keeps the math a lot easier)

  3. Ground Rules: • Keep the focus on learning biology! • Don’t argue about the points. • Don’t waste time arguing

  4. End

  5. Protein 100 a. How many different amino acids are coded for by human DNA? b. How many amino acids exist? 20 An infinite number of amino acids are possible because potentially any chemcial structure can be located at the R-group.

  6. Protein 200 Which of these is an amino acid? D

  7. Protein 300 a. What kind of molecule is this? b. Label its parts. R group (in this case CH2CONH2) Amine (NH2) Carboxyl (COOH) Alpha carbon amino acid (in this case asparagine)

  8. Protein 400 What kind of chemical reaction is shown below? Write this chemical reaction using words. What kind of bond is formed in the product? condensation synthesis amino acid + amino acid → dipeptide + water peptide bond

  9. Protein 500 What kind of molecule is shown below? Name the monomer of this molecule, and how many are present. If this molecule underwent hydrolysis, would water be consumed or released? How many water molecules would do this? protein, polypeptide or oligopeptide 7 amino acids 6 H2O molecules would be released

  10. Lipids 100 a. What is the name of this molecule? b. Label its parts Carboxyl groups Fatty acid Glycerol a. triglyceride

  11. Lipids 200 a. Name this molecule. b. Describe it’s structure in as much detail as you can. Fatty acid. It is a lipid, it has a carboxyl group (COOH), and it is unsaturated (it has a double bond), which makes it more likely to be a liquid

  12. Lipids 300 What is the difference between a saturated and an unsaturated fat? Saturated fats have no double bonds in them. They are usually solids at room temperature (because they have no bends in the C-chain) Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds. They are usually liquids at room temperature (because they have no bends in the C-chain)

  13. Lipids 400 Are lipids typically used by organisms for long-term or short-term storage of energy. Explain your reasoning. • Lipids are typically used for long-term storage of energy. • Reasons: • Lipids efficiently store energy (compact) • Lipids are the molecule with the highest amount of energy per gram • It takes more time for the energy to be released from lipids • It requires more oxygen for lipids to be broken down.

  14. Lipids 500 State some uses of lipids, other than energy storage. (3 points) • Thermal insulation • Solvent for nonpolar substances • Cell membranes (phospholipid bilayer) • Protection as cousioning • Floating (lipids are less dense than H2O) • Good electrical insulator for nervous system • Hormones are lipids

  15. Carbohydrates 100 Describe the molecule lactose. (3 points) • It’s a disaccharide • It’s made out of 2 glucose molecules • It’s made by some animals and found in milk. • Lacking the enzyme (called lactase) to break the glycosidic bond between the glucose molecules is called lactose intolerance.

  16. Carbohydrates 200 What’s the difference between starch and cellulose? Starch: Humans can digest it. Found in plant parts like rice, potatoes, grains. It’s called “carbs” on nutrition facts. Cellulose: humans can’t digest it. Found in plant parts like wood and leaves (cell walls of plant cells). It’s called “fiber” on nutrition facts. Both are plant-made carbohydrates made out of glucose molecules

  17. Carbohydrates 300 What is the name of this molecule? Where do we find it and what does it do? This is the carbohydrate called glycogen. Glycogen is stored “blood sugar”. It is a carbohydrate that your body uses to temporarily “store” glucose. Insulin regulates the amount of glucose that is stored.

  18. Carbohydrates 400 You consume a huge meal of spaghetti and breadsticks. What is the name of the chemical reaction that will break down this food? In this chemical reaction, will water be a reactant or a product? The reaction will be hydrolysis, a decomposition reaction. In this reaction, H2O is a reactant. (water is consumed because it is split to “fill in” the atoms on the individual glucose molecules.)

  19. Carbohydrates 500 A chemical reaction occurs, synthesizing 5 glucose molecules. What is the name of this chemical reaction? What is the name of the product? What is the other product and how many molecules of it are made? H OH H OH H OH H OH H2O H2O H2O H2O (a) Dehydration synthesis (b) starch or cellulose (c) 4 H2O molecules are made

  20. Water 100 State one biological function of iron. • In some animals, iron is found in the protein hemoglobin, and it allows oxygen to bind to this protein. Red blood cells contain this protein. • In some plants, iron is a component of making chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

  21. Water 200 Draw four water molecules and label which side is slightly positive, which side is slightly negative, and show where hydrogen bonds form. Hydrogen bonds

  22. Water 300 State one purpose of nitrogen in living things. • Nitrogen is found in amino acids and therfore proteins • Nitrogen is found in chlorophyll

  23. Water 400 Compare and contrast adhesion and cohesion in water. In both, hydrogen bonds cause water to be attracted to another substance. Cohesion is the characteristic of water to be attracted to itself, and stick together. Surface tension is a result of cohesion. Adhesion is the characteristic of water to stick to other substances. Capillary action is an example of adhesion.

  24. Water 500 Does water have a high or low specific heat? Describe one biological consequence of this characteristic of water. • Water has a high specific heat. • As a consequence of this: • Living things can more easily maintain a relatively constant temperature. • Aquatic habitats maintain a relatively constant temperature. • Water is an excellent coolant, because it takes a lot of heat away from an organism when it evaporates.

  25. Identification and Structure 100 Which of these molecules are organic? Which of these molecules are inorganic? H2O 2. 1. 3. Ribose 5. 4. 6. Protein Organic = 1, 3, 5, 6 Inorganic = 2, 4

  26. Identification and Structure 200 Name each of these molecules. A = glucose B = amino acid C = glycerol D = ribose

  27. Identification and Structure 300 What is the name of this molecule? State one function of this molecule. Sucrose It is found in plants as a short-term, stable energy source. “Table sugar” is sucrose.

  28. Identification and Structure 400 Which kind of substance would likely dissolve best in water? Explain your reasoning: a monosaccharide a protein a lipid • A monosaccharide would dissolve best because it is smallest and has lots of polar OH groups on it. • A protein may or may not be soluable, depending on the amino acid make up of the protein • A lipid is, by definition, nonpolar.

  29. Identification and Structure 500 Complete the table.

  30. Thanks For Playing!

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