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Macromolecules

Macromolecules. How do macromolecules influence life? (HINT: building blocks). Carbohydrates. Found in fruits, vegetables, & grains Made from monosaccharides (single sugars) which form polysaccharides Examples: glucose, fructose, starch, sugars We get energy from carbs!. CARBOHYDRATES.

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Macromolecules

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  1. Macromolecules How do macromolecules influence life? (HINT: building blocks)

  2. Carbohydrates • Found in fruits, vegetables, & grains • Made from monosaccharides (single sugars) which form polysaccharides • Examples: glucose, fructose, starch, sugars • We get energy from carbs!

  3. CARBOHYDRATES • “Ingredients” = C – H – O • Monomer (made of) : sugars • Ratio of 1 C : 2 H : 1 O • SUPPLY IMMEDIATE ENERGY • Examples: monosaccharide (aka simple sugar), disaccharide & polysaccharide (aka “starch or glycogen)

  4. Lipids • They will not dissolve in water. • They are made of fatty acids & glycerol • They are fats,steroids,oils and waxes • Examples are margarine, shortening, meats, olive oil, peanut oil • Lipids are used for storing energy (why it pays to have some fat on you!)

  5. LIPIDS • “Ingredients” = lots of C-H bonds with a small Oxygen group. • Monomer (made of): glycerol + fatty acids • ENERGY STORAGE MOLECULE • Examples: fats, oils, steroids, waxes

  6. Proteins • Proteins are just chains of amino acids, like a beaded necklace, that sometimes fold into weird shapes • Their functions are VAST!!!!! • Enzymes (promote chemical reactions) • Provide structure (hair, bones, muscles) • Antibodies (fight infection) • Carry things (oxygen from lungs to rest of body)

  7. PROTEINS • “Ingredients” = C-H-O + N • Monomers (made of): amino acids • BUILDING BLOCKS FOR TISSUES & ORGANIC CATALYSTS. • Example: enzymes

  8. Nucleic Acids • Are made of nucleotides with 3 parts- • 5 carbon sugar+nitrogen base+phosphate group (no that’s not a band) • Commonly known as DNA and RNA • What they do: transmit genetic information (in other words, why you have great aunt Edna’s winning smile or uncle Harry’s ears)

  9. NUCLEIC ACIDS • “Ingredients” = C-H-O-N + P • Monomer (made of): nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, Nitrogen base) • DNA and RNA (genetic code) that instruct cells to build proteins.

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