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Understanding Global Cultures. Japan. Four Generic Types of Cultures. Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures Ch. 02 The Thai Kingdom Ch. 03 The Japanese Garden Ch. 04 India: The Dance of Shiva Ch. 05 Bedouin Jewelry and Saudi Arabia Ch. 06 The Turkish Coffeehouse
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Four Generic Types of Cultures • Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures • Ch. 02 The Thai Kingdom • Ch. 03 The Japanese Garden • Ch. 04 India: The Dance of Shiva • Ch. 05 Bedouin Jewelry and Saudi Arabia • Ch. 06 The Turkish Coffeehouse • Ch. 07 The Brazilian Samba • Ch. 08 The Polish Village Church • Ch. 09 Kimchi and Korea
Four Generic Types of Cultures • Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures • authority ranking • found in large parts of Asia, Africa, and Latin America • involves a psychological relationship between the leader or leaders and all others in the culture
Four Generic Types of Cultures • Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures • frequently, such a culture is symbolized not by the handshake, which reflects equality, but by different forms of bowing
Four Generic Types of Cultures • Vertical Collectivism / Authority Ranking Cultures • there is a dynamic, two-way relationship between subordinates and leaders in authority ranking cultures • although the leaders receive more rewards, they are responsible for safeguarding the livelihoods of subordinates
Cultural Metaphors • Unit of analysis in the book = the nation or national culture • Other “units of analysis” may include: • one person (e.g., Paul Buffalo) • the family (e.g., Strodtbeck, see later) • the community • a region • a culture
Culture Counts and it counts quit a bit
Geert Hofstede (1991) • IBM study demonstrated that national culture explained 50% of the differences in attitudes in IBM’s 53 countries (p. 5)
Cultural Metaphors “Metaphors are not stereotypes.” Why?