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At The Bell

At The Bell . Think back to what you know about the classical civilization of Han China. What do you think happened in China after the Han Dynasty fell? Did it follow the pattern of Western Europe after the Fall of Rome? Did China go into a “Dark Ages” period?.

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At The Bell

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  1. At The Bell • Think back to what you know about the classical civilization of Han China. • What do you think happened in China after the Han Dynasty fell? • Did it follow the pattern of Western Europe after the Fall of Rome? • Did China go into a “Dark Ages” period?

  2. China after collapse of Han Dynasty (approx. 200 to 600 CE) • Period is known as “Era of Division” • China divided into smaller kingdoms often at war with each other • No central authority but series of warlords • Buddhism expands into China

  3. Sui Dynasty (580-618 CE) Wendi -gained support of nomadic peoples -extended empire across North China -attacked and conquered Chen in the south -unified core area of Chinese civilization -lowered taxes, established grain storage Yangdi (Wendi’s son) -murdered his father to take the throne -extended borders of the empire -created a legal code -restored educational and examination system -construction projects – canals, palaces, capital city

  4. Grand Canal

  5. Map of Sui Dynasty

  6. Tang Dynasty 618-907

  7. Tang China • Rule by outsiders – the Tang were northern nomadic peoples & NOT the same ethnic group who ruled the Han Dynasty • Trade Contacts: trade in silk and other luxury goods to Korea, Japan, and elsewhere. • City of Chang’an: international city with many foreign residents. Population over 1 million. • Tributary relationships: Many areas paid tribute to the Tang emperor to maintain good relations

  8. Tang China • Era of Chinese political expansion and influence • Rebuilt and expanded imperial bureaucracy and exam system • Agricultural surpluses and trade and tribute systems

  9. Map of Tang Dynasty

  10. http://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/9mtCv5mCQ-iz_PRF2p0phwhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld/objects/9mtCv5mCQ-iz_PRF2p0phw

  11. Tang Funeral Sculptures

  12. Tang Dynasty and Buddhism Influence of Buddhism reaches its height under Empress Wu (690-705) Increasing fear of Buddhism in China due to: • Not paying taxes • Couldn’t be drafted for labor • Values not to state and family but individual Anti-Buddhist backlash occurs in 800’s -monasteries destroyed -monks and nuns forced to return to civilian life

  13. Song Dynasty (960-1279) • Economic modernism • Neo-Confucianism • Continued expansion of exam system • Declining regional influence

  14. Map of Northern Song Dynasty1100 CE

  15. Map of Southern Song Dynasty1200 CE

  16. Skill: Use of Evidence • Was Song era China the world’s first truly modern society? • Modernism defined as urbanism, mass production of goods, technological innovation, and commercial expansion (expansion of commerce i.e. trade, banking, etc.) • What evidence can you find in the scroll activity?

  17. Warm Up • What are some of the factors that may cause a society to become more conservative? • What are the consequences of a society becoming more conservative? • Definition of Conservative— • Resistant to change • A person who is resistant to change or new ideas

  18. Neo-Confucianism • You have three readings at your table: • 1. Han Yu—Memorial on Buddhism (819) • 2. School Regulations • 3. A Woman’s Life • As you jigsaw the reading, look for evidence to describe neo-Confucianism’s impacts on Chinese ideas about change

  19. Neo-Confucianism • Revival of Confucian thought • Hostility to foreign ideas and influence • Emphasis on patriarchy and traditional relationships

  20. Neo-Confucianism • Look for evidence in the readings to demonstrate whether neo-Confucianism in China (begun in late Tang and Song period) was a philosophy of change or conservatism. • Focus should be on good evidence

  21. Neo-Confucianism • Declining role of women: footbinding, concubines, etc. • Reconciled Confucianism with Buddhism with concept of li (universal spirit)

  22. Tang and Song ChinaRenaissance and Prosperity • Increasing agricultural production • Champa rice from Vietnam • Heavy iron plow in north • Water buffalo in south • Increasing Population 45 m. in 600 CE to 115 m. in 1200 CE • Urbanization • Technological and Financial Inventions

  23. The Chinese cultural “package” • The Chinese cultural “package” included: • Confucianism • Chinese versions of Buddhism, including Chen Buddhism • The Chinese Writing system • Chinese architectural styles, including urban planning • System of government, including system of ranks, titles, and functions

  24. The Big Picture • Approaching 1000 CE, due to the spread of ideas, cultures, etc in East Asia, areas became more similar – CON-vergence • Mostly this meant that Korea, Japan, and Vietnam adopted parts of Chinese culture • After the fall of the Tang (app. 1000 CE), Japan, Korea, and Vietnam start changing to become more different (DI-vergence) • This pattern is GLOBAL in scope – it was also happening throughout Afro-Eurasia

  25. China 600-1200 Changes • Chinese expansion and hegemony (influence) over other parts of East and Southeast Asia • Increased agricultural production and population growth • Cultural and technological innovation Continuities • Rebuilding of empire (dynastic cycle) • Revival of Confucian thought • Patriarchy and decline in position of women

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