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Class Aves

Class Aves. Copy me. Class Aves. Feathers No teeth Flexible long neck One occipital condyle Scales on legs Bones with air spaces Endothermic Four chambered heart. Copy me. Adaptations for Flight. Honey combed bones Air cavities Less weight. Copy me. Light Weight Skeleton.

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Class Aves

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  1. Class Aves Copy me

  2. Class Aves • Feathers • No teeth • Flexible long neck • One occipital condyle • Scales on legs • Bones with air spaces • Endothermic • Four chambered heart Copy me

  3. Adaptations for Flight • Honey combed bones • Air cavities • Less weight Copy me

  4. Light Weight Skeleton • Frigate bird • 7 foot wing span • 4 ounce skeleton

  5. Adaptations for Flight • Enlarged sternum • Flight muscle attachment • Long neck • balance Copy me

  6. Adaptations for Flight • Wing • lift Copy me

  7. Adaptations for Flight • Feathers • Light weight • Strong Copy me

  8. Adaptations for Flight • Reduce body weight • No teeth • No urinary bladder

  9. Migration • Sissor-tailed flycatchar • Migates to Central and South America in October • Returns in April

  10. Migration • Arctic tern • Migrates 25,000 miles!

  11. Beak Adaptations • Ripping flesh

  12. Beak Adaptations • Eating seeds

  13. Beak Adaptations • Sucking nectar from flowers

  14. Beak Adaptations • Drilling wood

  15. Beak Adaptations • Catching fish

  16. Beak Adaptations • Basket-like bill to hold fish caught under water

  17. Beak Adaptations • Filtering

  18. Digestive System • Crop • Storage • Proventriculus • Enzymes • Gizzard • Grind food • Cloaca • Waste • Reproduction

  19. Vision • Up to 8 times keener than human vision • Each eye moves indendtantly

  20. Respiratory System • Nine air sacs • Connect to lungs and centers of bones • Cools the bird • Fresh air always moving • No dead ends as in mammals • Each wing beat moves air • Never run out of air

  21. Benefits of Birds to Man • Eat insects, rodents and weeds • Spread seeds for flowers and trees • Food • Sport • Pets

  22. Fastest Animal • Peregrine falcon • Strikes prey at 180 mph

  23. Elephant Bird • Eleven feet tall • 1100 pounds • Largest egg ever • Extinct in late 1600’s

  24. Giant Moa • New Zealand • Hunted to extinction about 1600

  25. Hummingbirds • Fly up, down, left, right, backwards and upside down • Wings beat 50 -200 times per second • Heart rate =600 bpm • Eat 2/3 body weight each day • Nectar, pollen & insects

  26. Caudipteryx • Feathered dinosaur • Flightless • Transitional fossil • Dinosaur arms • Dinosaur teeth • Only front of upper jaw • Bird feathers

  27. Archaeopteryx • 147 MYA • Transitional fossil • Characteristics of reptiles • Characteristics of birds

  28. Archeopteryx • Reptile characteristics • Teeth • Boney tail • Fingers with claws • Bird characteristics • feathers

  29. Evolution of FlightRunning Hypothesis

  30. Microraptor gui

  31. Evolution of FlightGliding Hypothesis

  32. Sexual Selection

  33. Bird Classification • 28 orders • 9600 species

  34. Order Struthioniformes • Large flightless bird • Two toes

  35. Order Pelecaniformes • Gular sac

  36. Order Ciconiiformes • Long legs for wading • Long necks

  37. Order Anseriformes • Flat bill • Webbed feet

  38. Order Falconiformes • Hooked bill • Talons • Eagle • Hawk • Falcon

  39. Order Passeriformes • Perching foot • Songbirds • 5000 species • Mocking bird • Thrushes • Swallows • Magpie • Crow • Starling • Jays

  40. Order Columbiformes • Short neck • Short legs • Pigeons • Doves

  41. Order Strigiformes • Large eyes • Silent flight • Nocturnal predator • Owls

  42. Order Apodiformes • Small bird • Rapid wingbeat • Hummingbirds

  43. Order Galliformes • Chicken like • Strong beaks • Heavy feet • Chicken • Turkey • Pheasants • Quail

  44. Order Charadriiformes • Short bill • Strong fliers • Shorebirds • Gulls

  45. Order Psittaciformes • Thick tongue • Hinged and movable upper beak • Bright colors • Parrots • Parakeets

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