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Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista. What is a Protist ?. A Protist is any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote. Very diverse kingdom Single celled  Multicellular Range in size from μ m to 50m+

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Kingdom Protista

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  1. Kingdom Protista

  2. What is a Protist? • A Protist is any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or prokaryote. • Very diverse kingdom • Single celled  Multicellular • Range in size from μm to 50m+ • Plant like, animal like and fungus like!

  3. Evolution of Protists • Protista comes from Greek words meaning “the very first” • First eukaryotes (1.5 billion years ago) • May have evolved through the endosymbiosis of prokaryotic cells

  4. Classification of Protists • Grouped according to how they obtain nutrition. • 3 main groups: animal like plant like fungus like

  5. Animal-like Protists • Once called protozoa (first animals) • Heterotrophs • unicellular • Grouped according to their method of movement. • 4 Groups: Zooflagellates Sarcodines Ciliates Sporozoans

  6. Zooflagellates • Belong to phylum Zoomastigina • Swim using flagella • Feed by absorbing • Live in lakes, streams, and bodies of other organisms • Examples: Trichonympha & Trypanosoma

  7. Sarcodines • Belong to phylum Sarcodina • Live in water • Use pseudopods for movement and feeding • Example: Amoeba • move by streaming cytoplasm into pseudopods(amoeboid movement) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pR7TNzJ_pA

  8. Other sarcodines: • Foraminiferans have shells made of CaCO3 • Heliozoans (radiolarians) have shells made of SiO2

  9. Ciliates • Belong to phylum Ciliophora • Use cilia for movement and feeding • Most complex unicellular protists • Example : Paramecium • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmwN_mD7TvY

  10. Special features of ciliates: • Trichocysts for defense • Macronucleus – working nucleus • Micronucleus – “back up copy” of genes • Become genetically different by conjugation

  11. Sporozoans • Belong to phylum Sporozoa • No means of movement • All parasitic with complex life cycles involving more than one host • Example: Plasmodium (causes malaria)

  12. Diseases caused by Animal-like Protists • African sleeping sickness • Dysentary • Malaria

  13. Ecology of Animal-like Protists • Some live symbiotically within other organisms • Parasites • Decomposers • Part of food chain

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