Warm Up: Images Notes: Great Society Closing Activity: Quotes Review

1. Warm Up: Images • Notes: Great Society • Closing Activity: Quotes • Review

6. Notes

7. LBJ • Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ) • Became follower of FDR • Spokesman for small ranchers and struggling farmers in HOR. • Showed remarkable ability to forge compromises • LBJ treatment • Helped pass Civil Rights Act of 1957

8. LBJ • Johnson encouraged the nation to move past the assassination • & pass the Civil Rights and Tax Cut Legislation Kennedy started. • Sent Congress a program to fix the nation’s problems

9. LBJ’s Agenda • Large tax reductions - $10 billion • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • banned discrimination – based on race, national origin & sex – granted fed. Govt. right to enforce. • Unconditional War on Poverty • $1 billion • 1964 State of the Union • Head Start – Edu. Program for under priveleged preschoolers • Jobs Corps – Youth training program • VISTA – Volunteers in Service to America

10. LBJ’s Agenda • Election of 1964 • Johnson – wants to fight the nations problems • Barry Goldwater – wants to stop fed. programs of social welfare.

11. Great Society • ’64 election gives Johnson a mandate – 61% of popular vote • Creating a higher SOL and providing equal opportunity were objectives of Great Society • Over 60 programs passed • Secondary Education Act (Elementary) – 1 bil. To help public & parochial schools to purchase textbooks & library materials

12. Great Society • Medicare – Hospital insurance & low cost medical insurance for Americans 65+ • Medicaid - Extends health insurance to welfare recipients • HUD – Housing and Urban Development – low rent public housing for low-moderate income families • National Endowment for the Humanities – Financially assist painters, musicians, actors, and other artists.

13. Government Protection • Immigration Act 1965 – Ended quotas based on nationality • Department of Transportation – 1966 created to deal w/ national air, rail & highway transportation • Environmental protection • Rachel Carson – author • “Silent Spring” – effect of pesticides on the environment

14. Government Protection • Water Quality & Clean Air Act • Set guidelines on emissions of air and water • Consumer protection • Ralph Nader and “Unsafe at any Speed” – safety standard for the auto and tire industries • Fair Packaging and Labeling Act - set standards for labeling consumer goods

15. Warren Court • Chief Justice Earl Warren led the Supreme Court on an activist stance – banned prayer in public schools, loyalty oaths unconstitutional, communities limited in censoring books & films, and free speech includes wearing arm bands • Court began to interpret rights in a broader fashion • Brown v. Board, 1954 • Mappv. Ohio, 1961 – evidence seized illegally could not be used in state courts • Gideon v. Wainwright, 1963 – free legal counsel to those who can not afford it. • Miranda v. Arizona, 1966 – all suspects must be read their rights.

16. Impact of the Great Society • Extension of federal power – activists in all three branches • Rate of poverty did decrease – 21% to 11% • Growing budget deficit – massive tax cut spurred economy, but put the nation in debt • conservative backlash – starting to rise in power. • Conflict in Vietnam • Choice between war and the Great Society programs • ”Guns or butter”

17. Quotes

18. Quotes • “This administration today, here and now, declares unconditional war on poverty in America. I urge this Congress and all Americans to join me in that effort.” Lyndon Johnson, State of Union, 1964 • “Our chief weapon in a more pinpointed attack will be better schools, and better health, and better homes, and better training, and better job opportunities to help more Americans…” LBJ, State of Union, 1964 • “Our aim is not only to relieve the symptom of poverty, but to cure it and, above all, to prevent it.” LBJ • “We must provide hospital insurance for our older citizens financed by every worker and his employer under Social Security…” LBJ • “Let me make one principle of this administration abundantly clear: All of these increased opportunities….must be open to Americans of every color…we must abolish not some, but all racial discrimination.” LBJ

19. Quotes • “I don’t believe you can change the hearts of men with laws or decisions.” President Dwight Eisenhower • “Within minutes a world that had been holding its breath learned that nine pupils, protected by the might of the U.S. military, had finally entered the ‘never-never land’.” Daisy Bates, Arkansas NAACP, 1957 • “Struggle is a never-ending process. Freedom is never really won. You earn it and win it in every generation.” Coretta Scott King • “To separate African-American children from others of similar age and qualifications solely because of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status in the community that may affect their hearts and minds ina way unlikely ever to be undone…We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of “separate but equal” has no place.” Chief Justice Earl Warren

20. Quotes • “It certainly was time for someone to stand up, ..So I refused to move.” Rosa Parks • “There comes a time when people get tired of being trampled over by the iron feet of oppression…I want it to be known- that we’re going to work with grim and bold determination- to gain justice on buses in this city. And we are not wrong…If we are wrong- the Supreme Court of this nation is wrong. If we are wrong- God Almighty is wrong…If we are wrong- justice is a lie.” Martin Luther King Jr. • “If you will protest courageously and yet with dignity,…historians will have to pause and say, ‘There lived a great people- a black people- who injected a new meaning and dignity into the veins of civilization.’” Martin Luther King Jr. • “We will not hate you, but we cannot…obey your unjust laws. We will soon wear you down by our capacity to suffer. And in winning our freedom, we will so appeal to your heart and conscience that we will win you in the process.” Martin Luther King Jr.

21. Quiz

22. He wrote an expose on the automobile industry and became a leader consumer advocate?

23. Rachel Carson would write this book about the dangers of pesticides in our environment, which started a nationwide environmental movement?

24. Famous case which granted all persons accused of felonies an attorney?

25. This program was designed to give disadvantaged children a chance to start school on a better academic footing?

26. This program created healthcare for the poor and disabled?

27. Famous case which required police to inform all suspects of their constitutional rights before being questioned?

28. This program created health care for the elderly?

29. This program asked for volunteers to serve in disadvantaged American communities?

30. One of LBJ’s first acts as President was the law which banned discrimination in public places?

31. He was the controversial Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the 50’s and 60’s who oversaw a great deal of judicial activism?

32. This was the name LBJ gave his platform as President?

33. In early 1964, LBJ will declare war on?