Present Preterit Imperfect Perfect tenses Progressive tenses Future Conditional

1. Spanish Tenses • Present • Preterit • Imperfect • Perfect tenses • Progressive tenses • Future • Conditional

2. corremos We run pienso I think You eat comes Present tense They go van camina She walks He sings canta

3. The present tense is formed as follows: hablar comer viviryo habl com viv tú habl com viv él habl com viv nosotroshabl com viv ellos habl com viv o o o as es es a e e amos emos imos an en en

4. There are many irregular “yo” forms in the present tense. Some are: tener: venir: salir: hacer: traer: caer: dar: estar: saber: poner: decir: oír: tengo vengo salgo hago traigo caigo doy estoy sé pongo digo oigo Can you think of any others?

5. Present tense She eatsapples Ella come manzanas We live in Chicago. Nosotros vivimos en Chicago

6. corrimos We ran I suddenly thought pensé comiste You ate Preterit tense They went fueron She walked caminó He sang cantó

7. The preterit tense is formed as follows: hablar comer viviryo habl com viv tú habl com viv él habl com viv nosotroshabl com viv ellos habl com viv é í í aste iste iste ó ió ió amos imos imos aron ieron ieron

8. There are numerous irregulars in the preterit. There is a pattern to some, though. Note the following endings: yo e nosotros imos tú iste él o ellos ieron They work with the following verbs: poder traer decir poner estar tener saber querer hacer venir andar

9. Do you remember the stems that these verbs change to before adding the endings? pud- traj- dij- pus- estuv- tuv- sup- quis- hic- vin- anduv- Two exceptions are “traj” and “dij” in which you add “eron” instead of “ieron” in the “ellos” form.

10. Other irregulars in preterit include: SER/IR DAR HABER di dimos diste dio dieron fui fuimos fuiste fue fueron hubo Don’t forget in third person, some verbs stem change, ie; murió, durmieron, pidió, sirvieron, etc.

11. Preterit tense She ateapples Ella comió manzanas We lived in Chicago. Nosotros vivimos en Chicago

12. We used to run corríamos I thought pensaba comías You always ate Imperfect tense They were going She used to walk caminaba iban He would sing cantaba

13. The imperfect tense is formed as follows: hablar comer viviryo habl com viv tú habl com viv él habl com viv nosotroshabl com viv ellos habl com viv aba ía ía abas ías ías aba ía ía ábamos íamos íamos aban ían ían

14. There are only 3 irregulars in the imperfect: IR => SER => VER => iba era veía *Imperfect generally indicates action that was going on over a period of time. It also sets the scene and describes. In English it can translate to : ”used to” and “was doing.”

15. Imperfect tense She used to eatapples. Ella comía manzanas We used to live in Chicago. Nosotros vivíamos en Chicago.

16. We have run hemos corrido I have thought he pensado You had eaten habías comido Perfect tenses They had gone habían ido She has walked ha caminado He had sung había cantado

17. The perfect tenses are made up of two parts: “haber” and the “past participle.” The forms of “haber” are: Present Past (imp.) había yo tú él nosotros ellos he habías has había ha habíamos hemos habían han

18. The participle is formed as follows: -ar verbs= -ado -er, -ir verbs= -ido However, there are some irregulars: decir-> hacer-> poner-> abrir-> escribir-> volver-> romper-> ver-> cubrir-> morir-> dicho hecho puesto abierto escrito vuelto roto visto cubierto muerto *any verb ending with the same as above will share the irregular ending, ie: imponer= impuesto

19. Present perfect means:“has or have done some- thing” For example: he comido = has escrito = hemos ido = I have eaten You have written We have gone

20. Present perfect tense She has eatenapples. Ella ha comido manzanas. We had lived in Chicago. Nosotros habíamos vivido en Chicago.

21. Estamos comiendo We are eating Estaba pensando I was thinking Progressive tenses Estaba corriendo He was running Está caminando She is walking Estaban esperando They are waiting

22. The progressive tenses are made of two things: “estar” and the “present participle” estar present participle present: -ar => preterit: -er => imperfect: -ir => está -ando estuvo -iendo estaba -iendo They only irregular (que yo sepa) is IR which goes to “yendo.”

23. Progressive tenses She is eatingapples. (right now) Ella está comiendo manzanas. We were living in Chicago. Nosotros estábamos viviendo en Chicago.

24. Comeremos We will eat I will think Pensaré You will sing Cantarás Future Tense Correrá He will run Caminará She will walk Esperarán They will wait

25. The future tense is formed as follows: hablar comer viviryo hablar comer vivir tú hablar comer vivir él hablar comer vivir nosotroshablar comer vivir ellos hablar comer vivir é é é ás ás ás á á á emos emos emos án án án

26. Some irregulars in the future are: saldr- querer-> hacer-> decir-> poder-> poner-> querr- salir-> tener-> haber-> venir-> tendr- har- habr- dir- podr- vendr- pondr- The normal endings are added to the stems above instead of the infinitive.

27. Future tense She will eatapples. Ella comerá manzanas. We will live in Chicago. Nosotros viviremos en Chicago.

28. Comeríamos We would eat I would think Pensaría Cantarías You would sing Conditional Tense He would run Correría Caminaría She would walk Esperarían They would wait

29. The conditional tense is formed as follows: hablar comer viviryo hablar comer vivir tú hablar comer vivir él hablar comer vivir nosotroshablar comer vivir ellos hablar comer vivir ía ía ía ías ías ías ía ía ía íamos íamos íamos ían ían ían

30. The conditional shares the irregular stems of the future tense. querr- podr- pondr- vendr- dir- saldr- tendr- har- habr-

31. Conditional tense She would eatapples. Ella comería manzanas. We would live in Chicago. Nosotros viviríamos en Chicago.

32. Vamos a practicar

33. I will go to the park. We have seen the light. You wrote a letter yesterday. Alex used to visit often. You all would buy a car, but… Iré al parque. or Voy al parque. Hemos visto la luz. Escribiste una carta ayer. Alex visitaba a menudo. Uds. comprarían un coche, pero...

34. Katie & Sylvia are eating in class. Sara has been singing in the car. You will want a bite (mordisco). Matt would have seen the accident if… Lauren will have been running for 10 miles (millas). Katie & Sylvia están comiendo en clase or comen en clase. Sara ha estado cantando en el coche. Querrás un mordisco. Matt habría visto el accidente si... Lauren habrá estado corriendo por 10 millas.