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Plan – Week 3

Plan – Week 3. Test on 5.1 – Today or Tuesday… Test on 5.2 (Greenhouse Effect, Carbon Cycle and Climate Change) : Friday In between….5.3 and Topic G.3: Population Ecology and Invasive Species. 5.3 Population Ecology. What you need to know about populations (Topic 5.3, SL and HL).

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Plan – Week 3

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  1. Plan – Week 3 • Test on 5.1 – Today or Tuesday… • Test on 5.2 (Greenhouse Effect, Carbon Cycle and Climate Change) : Friday • In between….5.3 and Topic G.3: Population Ecology and Invasive Species

  2. 5.3 Population Ecology

  3. What you need to know about populations (Topic 5.3, SL and HL) • Key Factors which determine population size • You must know how to draw, and interpret, a classical population growth curve • Factors which set limits to population increase

  4. What ELSE you need to know about populations (Topic G, SL and HL) • You must understand the impacts of alien species • You must be able to give three examples of alien species in ecosystems • You must outline one example of biological control of an invasive species

  5. What ELSE you need to know about populations (Topic G, HL, NEXT YEAR) • You must understand and distinguish between r-strategies and K-strategies • You must understand environmental conditions that favour r- or K-strategies • You must understand a method to estimate population size (catch and release)

  6. Let’s start simple… What is a population?...

  7. Human Population • At what point in human history did the population reach 1 billion people? • It took all of human history up to the early 1800s for world population to reach 1 billion people, and until 1960 to reach 3 billion. Today, the world gains 1 billion people every 11 years.

  8. Let’s Review: What is a population? (5.1.1) A group of organisms of one species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time

  9. Key Characteristics of Populations 1: Geographic Distribution

  10. Characteristics of Populations 2: Population density The number of individuals per unit area

  11. A fewsaguro cactus • A flock of birds • A field of sunflowers • Turtles grouped to sun Population Density • Can vary tremendously depending on the species and its ecosystem

  12. Population Density What are some benefits of living close together or in a clumped population? • Help finding food • Protection from predators or wind • Easier to find species

  13. Population Density What are some drawbacks(negatives) of living in a clumped population? • Crowded living areas • Battles over food/shelter • Easier for disease to spread

  14. Characteristics of Populations: Evaluating Growth Rate The amount by which a population’s size changes in a given time

  15. Let’s imagine a brand new population of…. • Let’s think about how it changes over time…. • How does it arrive in its new habitat? • Which factors will affect population size over time? • You have two minutes…

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  38. 5.3.1 What are the four factors that affect populations?

  39. What affects population size? Number ofbirths (natality) Number ofdeaths (mortality) Number of individuals thatenter (immigration)orleave (emigration)

  40. Population Growth • Migration- periodic movements of populations away from and back to their place of origin (not what we are talking about here) • Irregular movements of some individuals out of an area, into a new area, with no return - affects population size • Immigration – movement of individuals into an area • Population increases in size • Emigration – movement of individuals out of an area • Population decreases in size

  41. Population Growth • Why would an animal immigrate to or emigrate from a population? • Competitive pressureson some individuals • To find food, better livingconditions, or a mate

  42. Evaluating population growth…doing the mathematics… If a population has unlimited food and spaceand is protected from predatorsand disease, what will happen to the size of the population?

  43. What would population growth looks like on a graph when an population colonizes a new habitat? Draw a graph and explain the shape. Work with a partner. You have five minutes.

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