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Week 3

Week 3. Apollo & Artemis Demeter, Persephone & Hades Dionysus & Hermes . The Twins. Children of ZEUS and LETO Born on the island of DELOS Both experts at archery Together killed the 7 sons and daughters of NIOBE. Tried to seduce Artemis The goddess produced a scorpion that killed him.

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Week 3

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  1. Week 3 • Apollo & Artemis • Demeter, Persephone & Hades • Dionysus & Hermes

  2. The Twins • Children ofZEUS and LETO • Born on the island of DELOS • Both experts at archery • Together killed the 7 sons and daughters of NIOBE

  3. Tried to seduce Artemis The goddess produced a scorpion that killed him Saw Artemis in her bath Was transformed into a stag His dogs tore him to pieces Who?

  4. Who co-stars the following episodes of the story of Callisto? • Rape • Rejection • Giving birth • Becoming a bear • Near death as bear • Being promoted to a constellation

  5. CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTEMIS • Vehement virgin with characteristics of a fertility goddess • Moon-goddess linked with the lunar cycle and menstrual period • Goddess of nature itself personifying its pristine purity

  6. Whose statue?

  7. SANCTUARY OF APOLLO AT DELPHI • Apollo chose a place under Mt. PARNASSUS for his oracle and temple. • He slew a dragon named PYTHO • Apollo given the epithet PYTHIAN, his prophetess, PYTHIA

  8. Apollo sitting on the Omphalos • Silver tetradrachm from 3rd BCE

  9. APOLLO'S LOVES

  10. HYACINTHUS

  11. Picked up the flute invented by Athena. Challenged Apollo to a contest Apollo won and he decided to flay him alive Dared to engage in a contest with Apollo TMOLUS the god of the mountain was the judge He declared Apollo the victor APOLLO’S MUSICAL CONTESTS

  12. THE NATURE OF APOLLO • God of shepherds, associated with music • God of medicine • God of the sun PHOEBUS Apollo "bright."     • Symbol of classical restraint: "Know thyself"

  13. Demeter and the abduction of Persephone by Hades • Persephone: daughter of Demeter and Zeus kidnapped by Hades • Demeter’s grief • Demeter in Eleusis, nurse of Demophoon, is interrupted when trying to make him immortal • Demeter’s anger • Zeus’ request that P. must return to her mother • Final compromise

  14. The Final Message of the Hymn Happy is the one of mortals on earth who has seen these things. But those who are uninitiated into the holy rites … never are destined to a similar joy when they are dead in the gloomy realm below.”

  15. The Eleusinian Procession • Ritual cleansing • Torches • Fasting and vigil • Hymns and obscene jests

  16. The Sacred Rites • KYKEON the sacred drink • Dramatic performance • The revelation of the hiera, "sacred objects"

  17. HADES • Roman names: DIS, PLUTO (both names mean wealth) ORCUS by the Romans • God of death and agricultural plenty

  18. Identify

  19. Three Judges • MINOS RHADAMANTHUS, and AEACUS • Pass sentence on the just and unjust souls.

  20. Identify

  21. Hermes Psychopompus • Hermes Psychopompus. Hermes as "leader of the soul" takes our souls, after death, to Charon

  22. Poussin: Midas and Bacchus

  23. THE BIRTH of Dionysus • Zeus loved SEMELE, daughter of CADMUS • Hera convinced Semele to trick Zeus into revealing himself • Semele was burned, but their unborn child was saved by Zeus • Dionysus was born from Zeus’ thigh and brought up by nymphs and Semele's sister Ino on a mountain named Nysa

  24. THE BACCHAE OF EURIPIDES • Dionysus comes to Thebes where his religion is repudiated • The women of Thebes become possessed by frenzy • Deceived by Dionysus, King Pentheus participates in the rites disguised as a woman • He is discovered and torn to pieces by the Bacchae led by his mother AGAVE

  25. THE NATURE OF DIONYSUS • God of vegetation • God of wine • Represents the irrational in human beings • Dionysiac ecstasy, MANIA, combines the bestial and the sublime

  26. DIONYSIAC LEXICON

  27. DIONYSUS’ FOLLOWERS

  28. DIONYSUS-ZAGREUS • Son of Zeus and Persephone • At Hera’s request the Titans dismembered and devoured the child • His heart was saved • Dionysus was born again through Semele • People were created from the ashes of the Titans

  29. THE HOMERIC HYMN TO HERMES • Son of Zeusand MAIA • Invented the lyre • Stole Apollo’s cattle • Made the first sacrifice to the 12 Olympians • Reconciled with Apollo

  30. Hermes and Apollo’s Cattle

  31. Hermaphroditus

  32. THE NATURE OF HERMES • God of shepherds • Patron of thieves and business people • Master of persuasion • Psychopompus • Messenger of the gods • Archetypal trickster

  33. ATTRIBUTES OF HERMES

  34. Identify

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