Chief Fire Officers Association Wexford 2004

1. Chief Fire Officers AssociationWexford 2004 Con Murphy C.Eng. MIEI Chief Fire Officer South Tipperary

2. Conference AIM:To examine the current state of Fire Safety and Civil Protection and look to the future. • Civil Protection in Europe – Ernst Shulte • Business Continuity - not just for business Michael Gallagher • Crisis Communications Shelia Cauldfield • Emergency Management – a State of preparedness?

3. Introduction • Definition of terms • Hazard Analysis /Risk Assessment/Risk Management • Objectives of Emergency Planning • Short International Tour • Issues in Ireland • Conclusions

4. Definitions • Emergency • Incident requiring attendance of emergency services • Major Emergency • beyond the normal capacity of the Emerg. Services • plane crash • Disaster • E. S. overcome – mainly deal with the aftermath • tornado • Catastrophe • E.S. response compromised • 9/11

5. Definitions HAZARD Potential for harm to Man or Environment • Measured in terms of: speed frequency duration predictability magnitude (energy) extent severity manageability

6. Definitions VULNERABILITY Ability to resist and recover • Measured in terms of susceptibility of individuals, groups or communities • age; isolation; ethnicity; illness; mobility; co-workers; homelessness; history/geography; coincidence.

7. Definitions CAPACITY – Ability to respond, mitigate and alleviate Measured in terms of: • Resources • staff, equipment, finance, technology • Knowledge • history, likely impact • Skills • management, experience, training, planning • Values • commitment, political, culture

8. Definitions RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability Capacity • Emergency services largely restricted to improving CAPACITY to deal with RISK

9. Risk Analysis United States • Federal Emergency Management Agency • HISTORY • past occurrences • VULNERABILITY • population density,location, property, environment • MAXIMUM THREAT • worst case scenario • PROBABILITY • likelihood of occurrence

10. Risk Analysis Tasmanian Emergency Man. Agency • S M U G SERIOUSNESS • people, environmental, financial MANAGABILITY • capacity to cope, to mitigation URGENCY • immediate impact GROWTH • potential

11. Vulnerability Score 1 = unlikely to lead to injury 2 = may lead to minor injury 3 = likely to result in injury req. first aid treatment 4 = likely to result in injury>> attendance at hospital 5 = likely to result in significant personal injury Hazard Score 1 = most unlikely to lead to accident 2 = unlikely to lead accident 3 = may lead to accident 4 = likely to lead to accident 5 = highly likely to lead to accident Risk Analysis - Matrixe.g R = H x V

12. Risk Analysis Matrix

13. Matrix

14. Subjective >>> Objective

15. Societal Risk Analysis e.g. CBRN - terrorist NATURAL - extreme weather TECHNOLOGICAL - power failure MAN-MADE - transport INDUSTRIAL - hazardous materials

16. Societal Choices • ACCEPT & RETAIN • fire-deaths in the home • CONTROL & MANAGE • road safety • TRANSFER • waste disposal, Y2K • ABORT • nuclear power

17. Emergency Planning - a Dynamic Process Develop POLICY Consult widely, involve stakeholders, seek best practice, Local/Regional/National Assess Vulnerability Prevent & Mitigate Plan for Emergencies Build capacity, reduce unknowns, eliminate duplication Train & Educate Teach & Test, develop skills/expertise Advise Public Monitor & Evaluate

18. Definitions RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability Capacity • Emergency services largely restricted to improving CAPACITY to deal with RISK

19. Objective = Improve CAPACITY • Gather & store information and data • Develop public warning systems • Arrange media management • Plan for evacuation and welfare • Plan for community resilience • Plan for community recovery (physical/sociological/ psychological)

20. Objective = Improve CAPACITY • Business / organisational recovery • Identify needs & shortcomings • Assess resources, evaluate adequacy • Optimise resources, eliminate duplication • Be cost effective • Maximise / acquire technology • Develop personal skills and expertise

21. Objective = Improve CAPACITY • Optimise use of skills and expertise • Develop training, commitment • Build partnerships • Develop Management capability • Appreciate historical lessons • Gain political support

22. Ultimate Objective A viable system that can maintain its integrity in a variable environment

23. Arrangements in other countries • England & Wales • Norway • Portugal • Belgium • Sweden • FEU (Federation of European Fire Officers’ Associations)

24. Matrix

25. Subjective >>> Objective

26. Societal Risk Analysis e.g. CBRN - terrorist NATURAL - extreme weather TECHNOLOGICAL - power failure MAN-MADE - transport INDUSTRIAL - hazardous materials

27. Societal Choices • ACCEPT & RETAIN • fire-deaths in the home • CONTROL & MANAGE • road safety • TRANSFER • waste disposal, Y2K • ABORT • nuclear power

28. Emergency Planning - a Dynamic Process Develop POLICY Consult widely, involve stakeholders, seek best practice, Local/Regional/National Assess Vulnerability Prevent & Mitigate Plan for Emergencies Build capacity, reduce unknowns, eliminate duplication Train & Educate Teach & Test, develop skills/expertise Advise Public Monitor & Evaluate

29. Definitions RISK = Hazard x Vulnerability Capacity • Emergency services largely restricted to improving CAPACITY to deal with RISK

30. Objective = Improve CAPACITY • Gather & store information and data • Develop public warning systems • Arrange media management • Plan for evacuation and welfare • Plan for community resilience • Plan for community recovery (physical/sociological/ psychological)

31. Objective = Improve CAPACITY • Business / organisational recovery • Identify needs & shortcomings • Assess resources, evaluate adequacy • Optimise resources, eliminate duplication • Be cost effective • Maximise / acquire technology • Develop personal skills and expertise

32. Objective = Improve CAPACITY • Optimise use of skills and expertise • Develop training, commitment • Build partnerships • Develop Management capability • Appreciate historical lessons • Gain political support

33. Ultimate Objective A viable system that can maintain its integrity in a variable environment

34. Arrangements in other countries • England & Wales • Norway • Portugal • Belgium • Sweden • FEU (Federation of European Fire Officers’ Associations)

35. National Cabinet Office Briefing Room A (COBRA) Civil Contingencies Secretariat Lead Depts Home Office D of Health Regional Regional Resilience Teams Env. Agency Strategic Health A.s Regional EPUs Gov. Office of the Regions H.S.E. Utilities Local Resilience Fora Local Acute H. Trusts Primary Care Local Councils Fire Police Amb.

36. Disaster relief in Norway Central Other Ministries Ministry of Justice/Police Other Dir.s Dir. for CD and EP Rescue Co-ord. Ctrs(2) Police, air force, air control, Navy, Communications, Health As, NGOs Reg. County Governor CD Training Mobile aid columns Rescue Sub-centre police, fire, Army, Health, NGOs, etc. Municipalities On Scene Command Local policy planning Comms, cooperation request assistance

37. Disaster Relief in Portugal Prime Minister Min. of Defence Other Ministries Ministry of Interior Nat. Emergency Ops centre National Civil Protection Service Governor & Reg. Ops Ctrs Emergency Plans Other Pub. Services Armed Forces Mayor & Local Ops Ctr Request Assistance NGOs Security Grant Assistance Medical Planning Fire Op. Co-ord.

38. Belgium – information flow

39. Disaster Management - Sweden Swedish Emergency Management Agency 3 Basic Principles: 1. Those that normally carry a responsibility will keep it during emergencies, crises and in war times. 2. Preparedness must be based on the power and responsibilities of Local Government and Authorities. 3. Coordination of all resources ; public services & organisations; important private enterprises & utilities. ’CeSam-C’ = Regional Strategic Coordination Centre Each Municipal Authority has a Crises Management Board

40. FEU … European thinkingCommand & Control 1.Political Component 2.Strategic Component Off-site 3.Command & Control 4.Co-ordination of units On-site 5.Units 5.Units 5.Units

41. Political Component 1 Strategic Component 2 Operational Component 3 Co-Ordination Component 4 Command of Single Unit 5 Fire Fighting County Council Chief Fire Officer Senior Fire Officer Station Officer Sub Officer Forest Fire Fighting County Council Chief Fire Officer Senior Fire Officer Station Officer Sub Officer Technical Rescue County Council Chief Fire Officer Senior Fire Officer Station Officer Sub Officer Hazardous Materials County Council Chief Fire Officer Senior Fire Officer Station Officer Sub Officer Medical Rescue Health Board Gen. Manager Community Care Chief Ambulance Officer County Ambulance Officer Not applicable Inland Water Rescue Director C.G. On-Scene-Commander Declared Resource Senior Officer of Declared Resource Junior Officer of Declared resource Mountain and Cave Police Commissioner Chief Superintendent Superintendent Inspector Sergeant Air Traffic Rescue Director Av. Authority ? ? N/A N/A Open Sea Rescue Director C.G. On-Scene-Commander Declared Resource Senior Officer of Declared Resource Junior Officer of Declared resource Environmental Director On-Scene-Commander Declared Resource Senior Officer of Declared Resource Junior Officer of Declared resource Search for Missing Police Commissioner Chief Superintendent Superintendent Inspector Sergeant Radioactive County Council Chief Fire Officer Senior Fire Officer Station Officer Sub Officer

42. Dept. of Taoiseach Dept. of Enterprise Dept. Defence Dept. Environment Dept. Marine Finance Dept. Health Dept. Justice Dept. Marine Agriculture Transport Stakeholders - Govt. Level

43. Local Authority Fire Service Gardai Health Authority Ambulance Service Hospitals Coast Guard Air Transport Irish Aviation Authority Road Transport Bus Companies Rail Transport EPA, HSA, NRA Stakeholders - Public Services

44. Civil Defence Mountain Rescue Cave Rescue Life Boat Red Cross St. Johns Ambulance Water Rescue Sub-aqua Search & Rescue Dogs Order of Malta Other Stakeholders - Voluntary Sector

45. Seveso sites Pharma - Chem HazMat Industry Other Industry Transport Bus/Haulage IBEC, ISME Unions Insurance Financial Institutions Stakeholders - Private Sector

46. Central IDC IDWG OEP Gov. Task Force Regional Regional groups Private Sector Local L. A.s Ambulance Garda Others

47. ISSUES • Ultimate Responsibility • Local/Regional Responsibility & Powers • Development & USE of expertise • Facility to upscale (geographically) • Wide Area Emergency • Declaration of ‘A State of Emergency’ • Resilience FA/FA, Other resources

48. ISSUES • Grading of Emergencies • Alert > blue > orange > red • Use of technology • e.g. satellite phone • Communications (CAMP) • Information Systems • Use of websites • Media management

49. ISSUES • Public Sector Business Continuity • Integrate Public and Private Sector • ‘Emergency Planning Society’ • Integrated Emergency Planning Single overall authority; Multi-dimensional; Awareness/Communication; Central Website; Public/Private/Partnership • Identify STATIC and DYNAMIC elements

50. Conclusions • There are no simple solutions • but there are solutions • Many possible appropriate models • What we have is not adequate • “ We do not believe that the current regime would stand up favourably under the inevitable scrutiny and investigation which would follow a major fire or other major emergency …” FGS