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Respiratory System

Respiratory System. Michael Hall PhD. University of California Los Angeles. Respiratory System Conducting and respiratory divisions. Nasal cavity. Nasopharynx. Oropharynx. Structures of the Respiratory System. Larynx. Trachea. Br. Lung. B. Tb/Rb. AD. A. Diaphragm.

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System Michael Hall PhD University of California Los Angeles

  2. Respiratory System Conducting and respiratory divisions

  3. Nasal cavity Nasopharynx Oropharynx Structures of the Respiratory System Larynx Trachea Br Lung B Tb/Rb AD A Diaphragm

  4. Respiratory Epithelium

  5. Respiratory Epithelium lymphatic duct

  6. Respiratory Epithelium

  7. Nasal cavity and associated structures Superior Middle Inferior Turbinate Bones (conchae) Opening of eustachian tube Nasal fossa Vestibule

  8. Venous sinuses of nasal concha respiratory epithelium glands and ducts venous sinuses

  9. Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal cavity

  10. Location of olfactory epithelium on upper nasal concha Olfactory epithelium

  11. Olfactory epithelium

  12. Olfactory Epithelium Duct Bowmans glands

  13. Olfactory epithelium Respiratory epithelium

  14. Signals from olfactory neurons in the nose and from taste receptors on the tongue converge onto the same area of the brain.

  15. Nasal cavity The Pharynx Nasopharynx Oropharynx and Larynx Larynx Trachea Br Lung B Tb/Rb AD A Diaphragm

  16. Larynx Larynx

  17. Epiglottis Epiglottis

  18. Epiglottis

  19. Larynx in X-section False vocal cords Vocal ligament and vocalis muscle True vocal cords

  20. Vocal Cord

  21. Vocal cords

  22. Nasal cavity Nasopharynx Oropharynx The Trachea Larynx Trachea Br Lung B Tb/Rb AD A Diaphragm

  23. Trachea and Esophagus

  24. Trachea Respiratory epithelium Glands Hyaline cartilage Trachealis muscle

  25. Respiratory System Conducting and respiratory divisions

  26. Medium sized bronchus Gl Br V Br. A SM Cartilage

  27. The respiratory portion of the lung AD bronchiole Bronchiole with no cartilage or glands, but lots of smooth muscle 2. Bronchus leading into bronchiole which divides into two respiratory bronchioles 3. Alveolar duct leading into alveolar sacs, which contain clusters of alveoli AS 1 3 SM C Br br’iole Rb Rb 2

  28. Alveolar duct Alveoli Blood vessel Alveolar sac

  29. Alveolar Sac

  30. Continuum of changes in respiratory epithelium No goblet cells No glands No cartilage Appearance of Clara cells Type I & type II cells line alveoli Macrophages

  31. Wall of terminal bronchiole Respiratory bronchiole Respiratory bronchiole Alveoli CC A 1 2 A Cap A Cap A 3 4

  32. Capillaries in the Interalveolar septum M

  33. Interalveolar septum Alveolar membrane Alveolar lumen CO2 O2 Capillary lumen 1 2 0.1-1.5m Type I cell Pore of Kohn capillaries

  34. CO2 uptake and release by erythrocytes capillary capillary O2 Tissues Alveolus

  35. Type II cell

  36. Structure and function of Type II cell

  37. The alveoli are rich in macrophages. Under certain conditions they can fuse to form giant phagocytic cells. macrophages

  38. Pulmonary artery ‘Functional’ blood Supply to lungs Pulmonary vein Alveolar capillary network

  39. Pleura of Lungs

  40. UC MC NS

  41. Nasal cavity Nasopharynx Oropharynx Structures of the Respiratory System Larynx Trachea Br Lung B Tb/Rb AD A Diaphragm This simplified diagram shows all of the components of the respiratory system, from the nasal cavity, where air enters the system, to the alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged. B = Bronchus Br = Bronchiole Tb/Rb = Terminal bronchiole/Respiratory bronchiole (these are not distinguished in this diagram) AD = Alveolar duct A = Alveolus

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