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Children in Urban World

Children in Urban World. Urban India. Urban population in India : 377 million India’s urban poor : 97 million #. Census 2011- RGI # Based on Planning Commission’s estimates : November 2009. Population Projections for India. By 2026, 40% of Population will l ive in urban a reas.

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Children in Urban World

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  1. Children in Urban World

  2. Urban India • Urban population in India: • 377 million • India’s urban poor: • 97 million# Census 2011- RGI # Based on Planning Commission’s estimates : November 2009

  3. Population Projections for India By 2026, 40% of Population will live in urban areas million (535) (433) (377) (286) 1. Census of India 2011, RGI, 2011. 2. Population Projections for India and states 2001-2026, RGI, GOI, 2006 3. Urban Health Resource Centre (UHRC)

  4. Migrant Population in Urban Areas • One in three persons in Urban areas is a migrant In Percentages Among the migrants in the urban areas, nearly 59 per cent migrated from the rural areas.

  5. Urban Slums In India: 49,000 Slums 70% of the Slums in 5 States - Maharashtra (35%), - Andhra Pradesh (11%) - West Bengal (10%)- Tamil Nadu & Gujarat (7%) Estimated Slum Population (2011): 93 million 1. NSSO Report 2008-09 2. Slums in India, Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, GOI 2011

  6. India’s Urban Poor live in diverse settlements, ranging from pavements to makeshift living spaces at construction sites, urban fringes, authorized and unauthorized slums.

  7. Children in Urban India • Great disparities in wealth, health, education, and opportunity • Urban Poor Children: inequity in access and protection leading to: • Hunger and ill health • Poor access to water and sanitation • Insufficient education and protection • Child labour • Street children Growing up in an urban environment holds a promise that is not in reach for all children…

  8. Infant Mortality Rate Per 1000 Live Births NFHS 2005-06- re-analysis of urban data by wealth index quartiles by UHRC

  9. Anaemia in Children (6-59 Months) In Percentages Any anaemia: < 11.0 g/dl NFHS 2005-06 re-analysis of urban data by wealth index quartiles by UHRC

  10. Underweight Children (below 5 years) In Percentages NFHS 2005-06 re-analysis of urban data by wealth index quartiles by UHRC * Weight for age below -2 SD

  11. Declining Trend in Child Sex Ratio 0-6 Years Sex Ratio Urban: 906 Urban: 902 Census 2001 • Census 2011 Sex Ratio

  12. Spreading Scourge of Declining Child Sex Ratio 0-6 Years Sex Ratio Census 2001 Census 2011 Sex Ratio

  13. Universalization of Elementary Education Children (6-14 years) attending school In Percentages DLHS 2007-08 data re-analyzed for urban wealth quartile

  14. Child Marriage Source: DLHS 2007-08 data re-analyzed for urban wealth quartile

  15. Safe Deliveries (15-49 Years) Pregnant Women from Poor Urban Families are at Higher Risk of Mortality than Pregnant Women from urban areas. Source: DLHS 2007-08 data re-analyzed for urban wealth quartiles

  16. Anaemia in Women (15-49 Years) 6 out of 10 women among urban poor are anaemic In Percentages Source: NFHS 2005-06 data re-analyzed for urban data wealth quartiles Any anaemia: < 11.0 g/dl

  17. Sanitation and Hygiene Open Defecation among urban poor equallyprevalent as among rural households In Percentages HHs defecating in the open Source: DLHS 2007-08 data re-analyzed for urban wealth quartile

  18. Towards cities fit for children… Towards… Fairer more nurturing cities and societies for all people, starting with children

  19. Towards cities fit for children • Understand the needs of children in cities • Remove the barriers to inclusion • Put children first • Work in partnership with the urban poor • Work together

  20. ThankYou

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