DNA Fingerprinting

1. DNA Fingerprinting BY: John Lincoln Devin Bedard Brittany Rancourt

2. The process • 1.) Pour restriction enzymes into the DNA • The enzymes cut down the DNA strands that match up with the enzymes • 2.) Pour agarose gel into the tray • It helps strain small pieces of DNA from the larger pieces • 3.) Pour the fragmented DNA into the tray

3. Process cont. • 4.) Turn the switch that’s on the tray to ON to start electrophoresis • This is the process of moving molecules with and electric current. • DNA fragments were negatively charged and went across to the positive side of the tray • 5.) Place nylon membrane on top of the gel • The nylon membrane absorbs the DNA

4. Process Cont. • 6.) Add probes to Nylon membrane • Probes attach themselves to the DNA fragments • The probe only attaches where there code matches to a sequence on the fragments • 7.) Place x-ray film on the nylon membrane • It helps show what’s left that has radioactivity • 8.) Develop film

5. Fingerprinting and DNA Fingerprinting Difference DNA Fingerprints Fingerprints • DNA fingerprint is the same for every cell, tissue, and organ of a person • fingerprint that occurs only on the fingertips • Fingerprints can be classified by pattern types, by the size of those patterns, and by the position of the patterns on the finger. fingerprint • DNA fingerprint technology is the diagnosis of inherited disorders in adults, children, and unborn babies • DNA fingerprints to link suspects to biological evidence - blood or semen stains, hair, or items of clothing - found at the scene of a crime

6. Conclusive Evidence/Error of DNA Fingerprinting • Although usually used to establish paternity, DNA profiling is such good evidence that prosecutors are relying on it more and more to help convict suspects in criminal cases. • Avoid plastic bags for storing evidence, if direct sunlight and warm conditions can ruin the evidence. • If its not tested right, it can ruin the evidence.