MAGTF Command and Control Organization

1. MAGTF Command and Control Organization

2. Discuss the key command and control centers supporting the functional areas of maneuver, intelligence, fires, aviation, logistics, and communications that support the MAGTF Introduce the combat operations center (COC), formerly the unit operations enter (UOC) Purpose

4. 3 Elements of a Command and Control System –Regardless of Unit, Mission or Echelon People, Information, & the C2 support structure • 5 Pillars of a C2 System • Facilities • Equipment • Procedures • Personnel • Communications FWCAS/ FAC(A) DASC(A) RWCAS/FAC(A) Groups/ Squadrons FSCC DS ARTILLERY TACC MANEUVER ELEMENT FAC/FO/ (FIST) DASC

5. Three Echelons of Command

6. “Command & Control from Well Forward” LTGEN Conway, CG I MEF (OIF 2003)

7. Positioning the Commander: I MEF CG Jumps (OIF) Jump from Commando Jump from Viper Jump from Chesty

8. What’s in it? TBS Lieutenant’s favorite answer applies “Well, Sir, it depends on the situation.” As depicted on the previous slide, a tactical echelon command group might contain the Commanding Officer, Intelligence Officer, Operations Officer, and Fire Support Coordinator in a fight against a symmetrically-organized, regular force. However, in a counterinsurgency, a Political and Cultural Advisor, Civil Military Officer and translator would be essential members of a tactical echelon command group. Likewise, in a multinational force operation providing Humanitarian Assistance, the Logistics Officer, liaison officer(s) and a translator would be key members of a tactical echelon command group Bottom line – the tactical echelon command group is meant to facilitate rapid decision making, so bring what you need, need what you bring. Tactical Echelon

9. Contains COC Key command and control center in the MEF Supports the maneuver function and integrates information from all other command and control centers and functional areas Normally collocated with the force fires coordination center (FFCC) Combat intelligence center (CIC) supports the intelligence function Focus is current operations and responding to the immediate needs of the MEF commander Future operations Normally all principals. Future and current operations COS, staff secretary, command liaison elements CMOC Main Echelon

10. G-3 and G-2 watch officers and NCOs –Receive (collocated tactical fusion center (TFC) personnel [intelligence]/FFCC representatives, TFC’s adjacent intelligence cells, MSCs [Division, Wing and MLG] and adjacent units) Filter this information Updatethe common tactical picture Forward critical items to the senior watch officer Senior watch officer Receives information that affects current operations from other principal staff sections (G-1, G-4, and G-6) Evaluates information Actsby either issuing orders or briefing the MEF commander and recommending action Situation report watch officer MAGTF COC Organization

11. Part of the MAGTF CE Helps the MEF/MEB/MEU commander plan and coordinate deep fires. Force Fires Coordination Center

12. Facilitates coordination of electronic warfare operations with other fires and communications and information systems. Coordinates with G-2, G-3, and G-6 to eliminate conflicts between these overlapping battlespace functions. Is under staff cognizance of the G-3 Identifies potential conflicts in planned operations and works to resolve these issues. Electronic warfare officer, a communications and information systems representative, and liaison officers (Rad battalion rep., airborne electronic countermeasures officer, MACG radar officer, and other service reps.). Electronic Warfare Coordination Center (EWCC)

13. MAGTF Intelligence CIC IOC TFC OCAC ROC ISC SARC P&A Combat Intelligence Center (CIC): Overall direction to MAGTF intelligence effort: consolidates, validates, prioritizes intelligence effort and provides links to theater, national, and allied intelligence assets. Tactical fusion center (TFC): provides intelligence analysis, production, and targeting information to the MEFreports to CIC and coordinates/shares information laterally with IOC, OCAC and ROC. Also responsible for intelligence dissemination. Intelligence operations center (IOC): supervises the Intelligence Support Center (ISC) in managing intelligence requirements as direct by CIC; IOC exercises staff cognizance of ongoing organic and supporting collection operations through the surveillance and reconnaissance center (SARC), and intelligence production and analysis (P&A) through the P&A center. Operations control and analysis center (OCAC): is the main node for the C2 of radio battalion SIGINT operations and the overall coordinator of MAGTF SIGINT operations. Reconnaissance operations center (ROC): responsible for employment and management of Force Reconnaissance (may be embedded in the SARC). Coordination

14. Multiple functions Admin and logistics Command and control for Rear Area Operations May include a: (Marine) rear area operations center as part of the MEF Rear Echelon command post or (Marine) rear area command post separate from the MEF Rear Echelon command post MEF Rear Echelon

15. A rear echelon may also exist at the MSC level and within subordinate elements to the MSC: Used to add dispersion (survivability) Admin, logistics, SCIF Controls all units supporting rear operations or moving through the rear area Rear Command Echelon

16. Controls all units committed to combat in the close operation or moving to fight in the close operation Provides the commander with freedom of movement Small, mobile, and survivable Commander, G-2, G-3, FSC, comm Intel, fires, maneuver Tactical Echelon (Command Group) A tactical echelon will also exist at the MSC level and within subordinate elements to the MSC:

17. Maintains ability to see the whole battle Makes decisions that affect operations several hours out: Future operations Current operations SCIF Assistant FSCC/DASC. Can direct and support all elements of the division Tracks the current battle and plans future operations Division Main Echelon Combat Operations Center A Main Echelon will exist at the MSC level and within subordinate elements to the MSC:

18. GCE COC G-3, G-2, eng, air, NBC Lighter and more mobile down to battalion level GCE COCs

19. Division to battalion level employs an FSCC as an advisory and coordination agency. FSCC is part of the COC. The senior FSCC coordinates and deconflicts fire support efforts among subordinate units and centers. The FSCC includes the fire support coordinator, artillery liaison, tactical air control party (TACP) personnel, and a naval surface fires liaison. At the division level the artillery regiment CO is the fire support coordinator. At lower levels, each commander appoints a fire support coordinator from his staff. Fire Support Coordination Center (FSCC)

20. Battalion COC will have: Intel section Operations section Fire support coordination center Logistics section Communications watch section Flexible in configuration AAVC7 HMMV or other C2 configured wheeled vehicle UH-1N Footmobile when dictated by terrain and concept of operations Training is key for COC personnel Infantry Battalion COC

21. The composition of the battalion fire support coordination center includes: Weapons company commander (battalion FSC) Artillery liaison officer 81mm mortar platoon rep Battalion air officer Naval gunfire liaison officer Infantry Battalion Fire Support Coordination Center

22. Fire Support Coordination Center FSC (Weapons Cmdr) Arty LNO Air Officer Mortar NGLO Rep Controls internal and external fires and coordinates with HHQ FSCC and supporting arms liaison officers

23. Artillery regiments, battalions, and batteries Plan and control fires Fire direction centralized or decentralized Regimental and battalion FDCs exercise tactical fire direction. Battery FDC provides technical fire direction—firing data issued to artillery sections through fire commands. Battery FDCs are capable of tactical fire direction and would perform this function in cases, such as MEU deployments, when the battery operates independently. Fire Direction Center (FDC)

24. C7 LAV-C2 HMMWV Foot-Mobile UH-1N/(Y) C-130 Tactical Echelons

25. Advantages Fast Flexible MEF, MEB, MEU or battalion can use Disadvantages Limited room Legacy systems LAV-C2

26. UYQ-3B Airborne • The UYQ-3B can provide the facilities for • Air mission commander • Deep air operations coordination • Airborne command post

27. 4 command/staff seats on starboard side 5 RTO port side C7 double-wide Aft to aft with tarp Map boards SOP for information flow AAV-C7

28. Short time on station Limited pax/room Difficult to troubleshoot Exposure to fire Weather/visibility UH-1N /Airborne COC Limitations Benefits • Visualize, drop in, influence battle • Communications retrans or relay and/or ability to maintain comm that the TAC/main or rear cannot • Control fires • Long range, flexibility, and speed

29. CO AIR O S-2 S-3 FSC RTOs Whomever the CO deems necessary Temporary Designate alt command Controlling the fight, coordinating the fight, or watching? Risk vs. gain analysis Security Carry your own radios Foot Mobile COC

30. C2 on the move Rolled netting on top Diamond or horseshoe (short halts) Up and down in 5 minutes Light Wheeled Vehicle COC Drop net Hang maps on side of vehicle AirO Intel OpsO

31. Marine Division Tactical Echelon COC

32. LEGEND PLASMA (x3) SMART BOARD PROXIMA MM FIBER POTS/STE PHONE STU CO S DSVT REMOTE RADIO NETS STORAGE AREA STU DNVT SGTMAJ U.S. ONLY (S-2) WATCH OFFICER CURRENT OPS FUTURE OPS WATCH CLERKS GCCS WEATHER & EAF S NBC WORK SPACE NIPRNET COWAN S-4 STAT BOARD MM FIBER S SIPRNET (S-6) CONFERENCE AREA 8 CHAIRS 10 CHAIRS NIPR PRINTER 8 CHAIRS S C R J-BOX J-BOX MM FIBER S-1 STAT BOARD T T T D T T T D D D T T T T D D T T SCREEN S NIPR SWITCH S SIPR SWITCH S RIPR SWITCH S TRIPLE STRAND WIRE DOOR TABLES Marine Regimental Main Echelon COC COWAN PRINTER ENTRANCE CONTROL POINT SIPRNET PRINTER

33. Battalion Main Echelon COC INFORMATION EXCHANGE REQUIREMENTS S-2 VHF/HF/TACSAT Radio - Bn TAC - Regt TAC - STA Cmd - Regt Intel - Arty COF - 81 COF - TAR/HR - NGF Grd Spot SYSCON S-3 SWO CO FSCC WO TAC/Comm Phones Secure Non-secure Hotlines FSC S-4 TECHON AO Secure/Non-secure/ Coalition Data Networks: Email, Internet, VTC, VOIP S-6

34. Key ACE C2 Nodes • TACC – Tactical Air Command Center • TAOC – Tactical Air Operations Center • MATCD – Marine Air Traffic Control Detachment • DASC or DASC(A) – Direct Air Support Center or Direct Air Support Center (Airborne) • Group Headquarters – MAGs, MWSG and MACG • Commanders of installations ACE assets operate from

35. Key ACE C2 Nodes MATCD TAOC TACC FOBs, Airfields, Air Base Commanders Subordinate Group HQs MAG, MACG and MWSG MEF CE and other MSCs DASC

36. Joint support and interoperability Hardware, software, and facilities Commonality Flexibility Support all nodes of MACCS Future of ACE C2 = CAC2S

37. MLG main CSSOC Serves as current and future operations in MLG Functional representation Movement control centers MDDOC UMCC Combat Service Support and AND MAGTF C2

38. MLG – Combat Service Support Operations Center Radio Operator Watch Chief Supply Rep Transportation Rep Health Services Rep Clerk Watch Officer Clerk Services Rep Engineer Rep Radio Operator Maintenance Rep Driver Centralized CSSOC

39. Combat Operations Center (COC)formerly Unit Operations Center (UOC)

40. The COC is a modular, scalable, and mobile C2 system built to facilitate faster decision-making: Prime mover. System provides prime mover mobility. Power generation. System provides COC power generation and operation. Interoperability. Satisfies integration requirements. The COC provides: Commonality and standardization among Marine systems. Integration with Marine/joint/coalition systems. Rapid & flexible deployment and employment. COC System

41. COC Components 347 50 Operational Facility GETT Trailer OT Trailer

42. Ready-To-Go Operational Trailer Equipment is prewired and ready to operate Classified Network WAN LAN Servers Unclassified Network WAN LAN Servers RAID UPS Operators Workstations Intercom Table/chairs

43. Concept of Employment CapSet IV • Battalion/Squadron Level • AN/TSQ-239(V)4 • 8 operators • 1 visual display system • radio hill station • 1 GET trailer • 1 operational trailer • Regimental/Group Level • AN/TSQ-239(V)3 • 15 operators • 2 visual display systems • Video teleconference (VTC) • coalition LAN • 2 GET trailers • 1 operational trailer CapSet III

44. Ease of Employment Fully set up & operational in 60 minutes

45. Common Operational Picture (COP) The Common Operational Picture is a dynamic graphical representation of all active elements of the battlespace and all products of those elements within the given Area of Operations (AO). The purpose of the Common Operational Picture is to provide the force commander with complete situational awareness and is a key element of the decision making process. Information Overload ?

46. Information from C2 systems is gathered and filtered into what the commander views as part of his situational view, or the COP Situational Awareness

47. CTP: Better, Faster, More Accurate Decision Making Friendly and enemy information is distributed up and down the chain of Command. • Digitally • Accurately • In near-real time The Common Tactical Picture is a graphical representation of Information from all key staff sections simultaneously and instantaneously. Information is accurately “pin-pointed” and the same across all CTP’s. Information is presented quickly and efficiently. Decisions made using this information are acted upon in seconds and minutes. Data layers for rapid on/off display enabling rapid focus and declutter. Situational Awareness Plans and overlays rapidly disseminated across multiple echelons of command. Allows automated injection of subordinate unit locations into the digital map.

48. COP Today Order