The Kingdom Protista

1. The Kingdom Protista It’s A Small World! Click here to see a live protist

2. When we were a soft amoeba, in ages past and gone, Ere you were the Queen of Sheba and I King Solomon Alone and undivided, we lived a life of sloth Whatever you did I did; one dinner served us both. Anon came separation, by fission and divorce, A lonely pseudopodium I wandered on my course. ~Sir Arthur Shipley

4. Protozoans: Animal-like Protists • Grouped by movement • Mostly asexual means of reproduction • Unicellular • Once were classified as animals • Many cause disease

5. Phylum Sarcodina • Amoeba • “The Blob” • Pseudopodia • Phagocytic/Pinocytic • Slow • Some pathogenic forms • Entertaining Click here for ameboid movement movie

7. Phylum Zoomastigina • Mast-like flagella • Some parasitic • Some helpful (termites)

8. Phylum Ciliophora • Numerous cilia for movement and for gathering food • Aquatic • Asexual and Sexual (conjugation) • Torpedo movement Paramecium moving. Click to see

9. Conjugation Two paramecia come together and exchange genetic material through their oral grooves. After becoming genetically altered in this way, they separate and each goes on to divide asexually.

10. Mini-Soaps?

11. Phylum Sporozoa • Parasitic • Non-motile • Most produce spores • Complex life cycles • Malarial Plasmodium is an example • See next slide for Malaria Cycle

13. Algae: Plant-like Protists • Uni- or Multicellular • Photosynthetic • Once classified in Plantae Kingdom but no roots, stems, leaves • Highly pigmented • Base of most food chains

14. Phylum Euglenophyta • Unicellular • Aquatic • Photosynthetic (autotrophic) and heterotrophic • Double movement: flagella and flexing euglenoid movement Click here to watch euglena move about

15. Euglenoid Movement By alternation of flexing and extending the pellicle, the euglenoid is capable of this type of movement in its aquatic environment. The flagellum is also of assistance in movement and food gathering.

16. Phylum BacillariophytaDiatoms: the Golden Algae • Unicellular • Silica shell cases (like pillboxes with lids • Photosynthetic autotrophs • Marine and aquatic (phytoplankton) • Asexual and sexual forms of reproduction • Diatomaceous earth

17. …….to this From this………..

18. Phylum DinoflagellataThe Spinning Algae • Unicellular • Thick cellulose plate cell walls • Double flagella • Mostly oceanic phytoplankton • Autotrophic symbionts • Red tide!

19. ……THIS! This may lead to……….

20. Phylum RhodophytaThe Red Algae • Multicellular • Seaweed • Attach to rock • Photosynthetic by phycobilins (absorb green, violet and blue light rays of deeps)

22. Phylum PhaeophytaThe Brown Algae • Multicellular • Marine • Contain chlorophyll and fucoxanthin • Thallus body form • Kelp forms dense underwater forests • Sargassum forms dense floating mats

23. Phylum ChlorophytaThe Green Algae • Mostly aquatic, some marine (some out of water, see next slide) • Photosynthetic with chlorophyll • Largest group • Colonial types, too

25. Typical Algae Reproductive Cycle

26. The Fungus-like Protists • Formerly classified in the Kingdom Fungi • Decomposers • Some damage crops • Slime molds are plasmodial(Myxomycota) or cellular(Acrasiomycota) • Water molds/Downy Mildew (Oomycota)

27. The cellular slime molds are unicellular, colonial, and multicellular at different stages of their life cycles. They thrive in moist environments with bacteria, usually on decaying organic matter.

28. Most water molds appear as white, fuzzy growths on decaying matter. The downy mildews appear similarly, but on living plant surfaces as above.

29. THE END