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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. THE STUDY OF CARBON-BASED MOLECULES. WHY IS C SO SPECIAL?. 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS !!!! Therefore, can form strong covalent bonds with four other atoms. 4 valence electrons is important because…. Bonds with many other elements

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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

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  1. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY THE STUDY OF CARBON-BASED MOLECULES

  2. WHY IS C SO SPECIAL? • 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS!!!! • Therefore, can form strong covalent bonds with four other atoms

  3. 4 valence electrons is important because… • Bonds with many other elements • Bonds with other carbon, with single, double, triple atoms • Result: huge, complex molecules (chains, rings, balls)

  4. 4 groups of organic compounds • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Nucleic acids • Proteins

  5. POLYMERIZATION • When you link up monomers(individual molecular unit), you get polymers • The process is called polymerization • Giant molecules are also called macromolecules

  6. Polymers Monomers • Carbohydrates • a.k.a.polysaccharides • Lipids • Nucleic acids • Ex. DNA, RNA • Proteins • a.k.a.polypeptide chains • Monosacharrides • N/A • Nucleotides • Amino acids

  7. POLYMERIZATION terms: • Dehydration synthesis: when monomers join together to synthesize polymers, and get dehydrated in the process • Hydrolysis: when a polymer is broken into its monomers, and gets hydrated with water molecules in the process

  8. Polymerization Animation links • http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072507470/student_view0/chapter25/animation__enzyme_action_and_the_hydrolysis_of_sucrose.html • http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/Westmin/science/sbioac/biochem/condense.htm • http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/biol/dehydrat/dehydrat.html

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