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1 st Six Weeks CBA Review. World Geography. Geography is…. The study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth. 5 Themes of Geography. Location (#1 Theme) “Where is it?” Relative Location Around the corner, take a left
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1st Six Weeks CBA Review World Geography
Geography is… • The study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth.
5 Themes of Geography • Location (#1 Theme) • “Where is it?” • Relative Location • Around the corner, take a left • I live next to the Kroger on 518. • Absolute Location • Coordinates – 29° 59' N, 95° 22' W • 1324 Illinois Street • Latitude – run parallel to the equator • Longitude – go around the earth over the poles
The grid system • Latitude – run parallel to the equator, measure distances north and south, called parallels • Longitude – go around the earth over the poles, measure distances east and west, 24 imaginary lines X 15° apart = 360°, called meridians
Place (#2 Theme) • “What is it like?” • All the physical and cultural characteristics of a place http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Fuji http://www.coara.or.jp/~mieko/39gold.htm
Region • “How are places similar or different?” • Formal • Functional • Perceptual
Human Environment Interaction • “How do people relate to the physical world?” • Learn to use what the environment offers • Change the environment to meet our needs http://www.skagitriverhistory.com/Photo_Gallery/Flood%20Fight%2011-6-06%20(10).JPG
Movement • “How do people, goods, and ideas move from one location to another?” • Linear distance • Time distance • Email – instantaneous
Geographer’s Tools • Globe – 3-D representation of earth • Map – 2-D representation of earth • Political map • Defines borders • Human-created features • Physical map • Shows landforms/bodies of water • Nature-created features http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa-map.html
Relief • The difference in elevation of a landform from its lowest point to its highest point • Mountains • Hills • Plains • Plateaus • As elevation increases, temperatures decrease
Contour Lines • Lines on a map that show elevation above sea level http://raider.muc.edu/~mcnaugma/Topographic%20Maps/contour.htm
Topography • The physical features of the earth’s surface Topographic map with Contour lines http://www.compassdude.com/topographic-maps.shtml
Structure of the Earth • Atmosphere – layer of gases surrounding the earth • Hydrosphere – all the water elements on the earth • Lithosphere – solid rock portion of the earth’s surface including crust and uppermost mantle • Biosphere – atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere combine to create habitat where animals and plants live
Ocean Currents • Ocean currents help determine • Temperatures in a climate • Precipitation in a climate • Ocean currents are caused by • Rotation of the earth • Wind/air currents • Differences in water temperature
Pangaea – the Supercontinent http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangaea http://www.platetectonics.com/book/page_7.asp
Tectonic Plates http://www.moorlandschool.co.uk/earth/tectonic.htm
Pacific Ring of Fire – about 80% of all earthquakes happen HERE http://www.wnet.org/savageearth/hellscrust/html/sb3-ringfire.html
Landforms http://www.fas.org/irp/imint/docs/rst/Sect2/Sect2_1a.html
Typhoons • Extreme weather • Happen in Asia • Equal to American hurricanes http://www.solar.ifa.hawaii.edu/Tropical/Gif/nwp.latest.gif
Seasons Seasons are caused by the way Earth is tilted and how it revolves around the sun. Seasons are opposite in the northern and southern hemispheres.
Southern Hemisphere • While the northern hemisphere celebrates summer, it is winter in the southern hemisphere. • In December (summer at the South Pole) in Antarctica, the days are very long. • It is still very cold, despite the long hours of sunlight.