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Present perfect

Present perfect. = předpřítomný čas. Introduction. Present perfect refers to past and to present . Present perfect is used when something happened in the past and it still has some effects . The time is not important . We do not know exactly when the action happened .

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Present perfect

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  1. Presentperfect = předpřítomný čas

  2. Introduction • Presentperfectrefers to past and to present. • Presentperfectisusedwhensomethinghappened in the past anditstill has someeffects. • Thetimeis not important. We do not knowexactlywhentheactionhappened. • Presentperfectcanbeusedwithexpressions such as: ever, never, since, yetetc.

  3. Presentperfect • Declarative sentence: noun/pronoun + have+ 3rd formofthe verb • Negative sentence: noun/pronoun + have + not +3rd formofthe verb • Question: have + noun/pronoun + 3rd formofthe verb

  4. Presentperfect • Examples: Haveyouseenthemovie? Nobody has everclimbedthatmountain. I havebeen to London. She has lost her keys. He has not become a doctor. Haveyou met himalready?

  5. ExerciseChangethewordorderandcreatethecorrectsentences: • Lost/I/keys/have/my. ______________________________________ • Wife/we/never/his/met/have. ______________________________________ • many/John/have/I/known/years/for. ______________________________________ • Twice/Finland/been/she/has/to. ______________________________________ • Ever/you/tasted/japanese/have/sushi/? ______________________________________ • Last/we/not/caught/bus/have/the. ______________________________________ • Just/some/made/coffee/I/have. ______________________________________

  6. DifferencebetweenPresentperfectand Past tense • Pasttense – usageof 2nd formofthe verb X • Presentperfect – usageof 3rd formofthe verb • Pasttense – actionshappened in concrete moment in the past orfinishedactions, e.g. I lost my keysyesterday. I lost my keysand I foundthemlater. X • Presentperfect – actionshappened in nonspecifictime in the past oractionsthathappened in the past and are still happening now, e.g. I havelost my keys. (I do nthavethemnow).

  7. ExerciseChoosewhat tense isused in eachsentence. Explainwhy. TranslateintoCzech. • Weplayedfootball last Sunday. • I haveknown Peter forfiveyears. • Theyworked in thehospitalfrom 1970 to 2001. • He has travelled a lot in Asia. • I haven´t met her yet. • He worked as a musicianwhen he was ten. • He has worked as a musiciansince he was ten. • They´ve lived in Englandfor ten years. • Theylived in Englandfor ten years. • I havealwayslikedskiing. • I broke my arm last year. • Thisisprobablythelongestletter I´ve everwritten.

  8. Translate: • Včera jsem se díval na televizi. • Ještě nikdy jsem ten film neviděl. • Kdy jsi se narodil? • Jak dlouho už tady žiješ? • Nemohu si to koupit. Utratil jsem už všechny peníze. • Nikdy jsem nebyl v zahraničí. • Už jsi někdy vylezl na strom? • Na jaře jsem si koupil nové kolo.

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