DOE Office of Science Office of High Energy Physics Program Update

1. DOE Office of ScienceOffice of High Energy PhysicsProgram Update Astronomy & Astrophysics Advisory Committee May 16, 2005 Kathy Turner Kathy Turner, Feb. 7, 2005

2. Program News • August 2004 -- International Committee for Future Accelerators (ICFA) endorsed International Technology Recommendation Panel’s report which recommended cold technology as the choice for the design of a new International Linear Collider • Moving forward on R&D for this technology; Barry Barish head of Global Design Effort • Subpanel on LHC/ILC – lay out science complementary science case • New National Academy study started 11/04: • Elementary Particle Physics in the 21st Century - joint OHEP & NSF-EPP • - OHEP and NSF jointly asked for and are funding the study • Dark Energy Task Force (DETF) formed • - joint subpanel - reports to HEPAP & AAAC • - Meetings 3/05 & 6/05 • Task Force on CMB Research (TFCR) joint subpanel • final report coming soon • Joint Dark Energy Mission Science Definition Team (JDEM-SDT) formed • Meetings 11/04, 2/05, 6/05 • Purpose: lay out the level 1 science requirements of a space-based dark energy mission & provide advice to agencies

3. Office of ScienceFY 2006 Congressional Budget Request (dollars in thousands)

4. High Energy Physics Program Goal: Ultimate Unification • All are partnerships with NSF and/or Foreign • Operating: • CDF and DZero Fermilab Tevatron (protons) Top quark, Higgs, SUSY, extra dimensions • MiniBooNE Fermilab Main Injector Neutrino mixing • BaBar SLAC B-factory (electrons) Matter-antimatter, b quark, CP violation • NUMI/MINOS Fermilab main injector Neutrino mixing (long baseline) • Participation in operating experiments: • CLEO Cornell • Super-K, K2K, KamLAND Japan neutrino mixing, proton decay • Belle Japan b physics • ZEUS DESY, Germany deep inelastic scattering • Approved/Construction: • ATLAS & CMS CERN LHC (protons) Higgs, SUSY, extra dimensions • Proposed or Possible Future: Linear Collider International (electrons) Higgs, SUSY, extra dimensions Neutrino-less double beta decay experiment Majorana neutrinos & neutrino mass Reactor Neutrino and/or Long Baseline Neutrino experiment - neutrino mixing

5. High Energy Physics Program Goal: Cosmic Connections • Operating: • Sloan Digital Sky Survey (w/NSF, foreign) dark matter, dark energy • Supernova Cosmology Project, Nearby Supernova Factory dark energy • Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, CDMS-II (underground, w/NSF) dark matter • Approved/Construction: • Large Area Telescope(LAT) – GLAST mission (w/NASA, foreign) gamma rays, dark matter • *Pierre Auger – ground array in Argentina (w/NSF, foreign) high energy cosmic rays • AMS – Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer – ISS (w/NASA, foreign) cosmic antimatter • VERITAS – telescope in Arizona (w/NSF, Smithsonian) high energy gamma rays • Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) – at LLNL axion dark matter search • R&D, Proposed or Possible Future: • CMB technology • JDEM (SNAP R&D) dark energy • Ground telescopes/cameras dark energy/matter • * Partial operations at current time

6. FY 2004/05/06 HEP Budget(B/A in Millions) FY 2004FY 2005FY 2006 Req. Change 06-05 Proton Accelerator-based Physics Research $ 76.4 $ 75.7 $ 75.4 Facilities (other than LHC) 241.9 263.6 251.6 LHC 48.8 32.5 7.4 LHC Support 15.6 29.452.6 Subtotal $ 382.6 $ 401.1 $ 387.1 -3.5% Electron Accelerator-based Physics Research $ 27.0 25.5 24.9 Facilities 117.9118.4108.0 Subtotal $ 145.0 $ 143.9 $ 132.8 -7.7% Non-Accelerator-based Physics $ 47.3 $ 46.9 $ 38.6 -17.8% Theoretical Physics $ 49.4 $ 49.0 $ 49.1 +0.2% Advanced Technology R&D $ 96.8 $ 94.7 $ 106.3 +12.3% Construction/NuMI $ 12.4$ 0.8$ 0.0 TOTAL HEP Budget $ 733.6 $ 736.4 $ 713.9 -3.1% SBIR & STTR (included in Advanced Tech R&D) $ (17.5) $ (17.9) $ (18.2)

7. Non-Accelerator Physics Funding ($k) actual as of 8/04 as of 5/05 Pres.Req. Project fy03 fy 04 fy05 fy06 Comments VERITAS -- 1,600 2,050 1,149 complete in fy06 Auger 1,230 1,000 -- -- complete in fy04 AMS 1,500 -- -- -- complete in fy04 CDMS 790 550 -- -- complete in fy04 GLAST/LAT 8,501 7,900 11,421 -- complete in fy05 Scientific Research (operating budget) labs 16,384 19,713 21,434 17,120 univ. 12,300 13,565 15,871 16,500 Axion-I, ADMX 350 850 835 850 Milagro 125 75 70 70 SNAP R&D 3,065 2,950 2,762 2,900 pre-conceptual R&D TOTAL 44M 47M 54M 39M

8. The DOE HEP program in FY 2006 • Overall HEP budget and priorities in FY 2006: • Tevatron and B-factory will be fully supported – these are our two major operating facilities • LHC preparations will be fully supported • A reasonable level of support has to be maintained for the core research program in the universities and laboratories • Investment for mid- and long term new initiatives will come from redirection • DOE will not proceed with the BTeV project at Fermilab

9. Sloan Digital Sky Survey • Taking data since 1998 - continues • Oct 2004 - 3rd public data release • Data for 141 million objects over 5282 square degrees • Jan. ’05 – baryon oscillation measurement 2.5 m Telescope Mosaic Imaging Camera 640 Fiber Spectrograph Telescope in New Mexico

10. Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Purpose: direct detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPS) Location - Soudan Mine in Minnesota Data-taking: partial operations started in 2003, full operations with 5 towers started recently & will continue until mid-2006 Results – April 2005 …set the world's lowest exclusion limits on the WIMP cross section by a factor of 10 compared to other experiments, ruling out a significant range of neutralino supersymmetric models. CDMS-II  Blue line – new results Dotted Blue line – expected full results

11. Pierre Auger – high energy cosmic ray detector array (w/NSF & foreign partners) 3000 km2 site in Argentina As of Fall 2003, it became the largest air-shower detector in the world water Cherenkov surface detectors Fluorescence telescopes • Partial operations have started – construction expected to be completed by early 2006. • Current status: • 18 (out of 24) fluorescence telescopes operating • 833 (out of 1600) surface Cherenkov detectors deployed, 758 operating

12. Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System - VERITAS • Study of sources of very high energy gamma-rays in range of 50 GeV-50 TeV -- study extreme acceleration mechanisms • Location: Kitt Peak • 4 telescope array started construction Oct. 2003 • Operations start Oct. 2006 • Prototype telescope built and tested successfully • Partnership of DOE & NSF with contributions from Smithsonian + foreign All work at Kitt Peak was stopped at the end of April pending resolution of a legal action due to environmental/historical issues by the Tohono O’odham Indian Nation. NEPA & NHPA being redone. Fabrication is proceeding at Whipple & universities on schedule. Hopefully work can start again in early Fall.

13. Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) Mission Measurement of high energy gamma rays from space - Energy and direction of gamma rays from 20 MeV to 300 GeV over wide field of view - launch in 2007 Primary Instrument: Large Area Telescope (LAT) - Collaboration between NASA, DOE, France, Italy, Japan, Sweden – managed at SLAC. • Recently had to be rebaselined. DOE’s contribution was increased by $3M to $45M, where it has been capped. • DOE’s remaining scope is now well-defined deliverable – electronics modules. • LAT scheduled to leave SLAC in early 2006 – to NRL for environmental testing

14. AMS - Alpha Magnetic Spectrometerw/NASA + foreign partners • search for dark matter, missing matter & antimatter on the International Space Station • Prototype (AMS-01) took data on STS-91 in 1998 • AMS-02 fabrication complete in 2005 • Launch and deployment on ISS currently planned for 2008.

15. Dark Energy – Planning & Future • Developed DOE/NASA Joint Dark Energy Mission (JDEM) plan for a joint space-based mission – plan released 11/03 • Science Definition Team formed; meetings 11/04 and 2/05 • Purpose: lay out the level 1 science requirements of a space-based dark energy mission • JDEM is a high priority (tie for 3rd place) in DOE’s Facilities for the Future of Science 20 Year Plan • JDEM & Large Survey Telescope (LST) are highest priority in the Interagency Physics of the Universe report Current Work: • Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) – continuing ground and HST measurements to collect statistics over large redshift range • Nearby Supernova Factory (SNFactory) – large sample of nearby supernovae to study properties in detail R&D efforts & planning • Continuing R&D activities for SNAP — a concept for JDEM, using supernovae • Dark Energy Survey (DES) – new camera for Blanco 4m telescope at CTIO - using galaxy cluster counting & spatial clustering of galaxies – scientists are investigating participation • Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) – using weak lensing - scientists are investigating participation

16. DOE HEP Future Planning In order to inform the Department of OHEP’s intent to pursue several new scientific topics, we are preparing draft portfolio of medium-sized mid-term experiments • Have compelling scientific case for: Neutrino experiments such as: • reactor-based neutrino experiment to measure θ13 • Electron-neutrino appearance experiment - accelerator-based, to measure θ13 & resolve mass hierarchy • neutrino-less double beta decay experiment to probe the Majorana nature of neutrinos Astrophysics: • Underground experiment to search for direct evidence of dark matter • Ground-based dark energy experiment HEPAP subpanels will recommend which proposals to pursue.

17. FY 2005 Funding Allocation $95M $49M $47M $401M $144M • Accelerator based physics (proton & electron) ~74% • Non-Accelerator physics ~6% • Theory ~6% • Technology R&D ~13%