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Fluorescence imaging - a new tool for weed sensing?

Fluorescence imaging - a new tool for weed sensing?. Karel KLEM, Ladislav NEDBAL. Bottlenecks of implementing site specific weed management. Weed detection labour intensive visual assessment automatic weed detection (on-line or off-line) Decision support systems

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Fluorescence imaging - a new tool for weed sensing?

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  1. Fluorescence imaging - a new tool for weed sensing? Karel KLEM, Ladislav NEDBAL ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  2. Bottlenecks of implementing site specific weed management • Weed detection • labour intensive visual assessment • automatic weed detection (on-line or off-line) • Decision support systems • economic thresholds (short term) or economic optimum thresholds (long term) • adjusting of herbicide dose or long term rationalisation of herbicide use ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  3. Present state of automatic weed detection • several methods are available 1. reflectance masurements in NIR spectrum • not species specific • in narrow row crops difficult to distinguish between crop and weed 2. image analysis systems • the shapes of different plants overlap and vary greatly because of different viewing angles in field conditions ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  4. Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging There is a possibility of improving weed detection using a new approach based on unique method of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging (PSI Brno, Czech Republic). Fluorescence kinetics is measured with this instrumentation for every pixel of the image. ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  5. QA- QA- QA- QA- QA- QA- In fluorescence, the actinic light elicits in plants the Kautsky effect of fluorescence induction. fluorescence to FPEAK with mostly closed PSII RC’s from F0 with open PSII RC’s ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  6. Results of fluorescence imaging • 2 dimensional map of weed and crop plants distribution • very strong discrimination between plants and background • kinetics of fluorescence signal for each selected object • species specific differencies in fluorescence kinetics (crop/ weed and weed/weed) ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  7. possibility to use different measurement protocols (wizard or own protocol) ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  8. Objects identification that will be analyzed as distinct entities with a characteristic fluorescence emission For a semi-automatic selection, the Low and High limits of the signal are defined and the areas conforming to these limits are colored in red. The objects for analysis can be selected manually. Alternatively the analysis can be done semi-automatically using either directly the fluorescence signal or its gradient. Alternatively the analysis can be done semi-automatically using either directly the fluorescence signal or its gradient. ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  9. sergj ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  10. Average fluorescence kinetics for winter wheat and selected weed species ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  11. Measurement of fast chlorophyll fluorescence iduction with portable PEA (Hansatech) instrument • 2 s experiment • light adapted samples • computer based data processing (software BIOLYZER) • Output: fluorescence kinetics and photosynthetic parameters ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  12. Variation in fluorescence kinetics (kautsky eff.) between 11 winter wheat varieties ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  13. Differences in fluorescence kinetics of Apera spica-venti in three different growth stages ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  14. Variation in fluorescence kinetics measured in two different growth stages of Sinapis alba ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  15. Differences in fluorescence kinetics between winter wheat and Apera spica-venti plants (2 leaves) ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  16. Differences in fluorescence kinetics between winter wheat and Matricaria perforata in two growth stages ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  17. ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  18. Species-specific differences in photosynthetic parameters ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  19. Pattern recognition APESV TRIAE Neural network - most popular automatic discriminant method used in pattern recognition X1 X2 X3 X4 fluorescence, photosynthetic or shape parameters ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  20. Decision support systems • Economic thresholds or adjusting of herbicide dose • Need long-term evaluation of influence on: • weed population dynamics • economic output • total ammount of herbicide input into environment ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  21. Population dynamics of Galium aparine as influenced by decision system ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

  22. Conclusion • Fluorescence imaging has a considerable potential for improoving of automatic weed detection • species specific • undependent on viewing angle and leaf overlappings • This approach need extensive technical and experimental improovement and connection to decision support systém ARI Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz Ltd.

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