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Blood Type (ABO)

Blood Type (ABO). The Function of Antibodies. Our bodies make antibodies to protect us from “foreign” molecular species. Persons with A-antigens produce B-antibodies (Anti-B) but not A-antibodies (Anti-A) since A-antigens are natural in their system. . The Function of Antibodies.

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Blood Type (ABO)

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  1. Blood Type (ABO)

  2. The Function of Antibodies • Our bodies make antibodies to protect us from “foreign” molecular species. • Persons with A-antigens produce B-antibodies (Anti-B) but not A-antibodies (Anti-A) since A-antigens are natural in their system.

  3. The Function of Antibodies • Likewise, persons with B-antigens produce A-antibodies (Anti-A) but not B-antibodies (Anti-B) since B-antigens are natural in their system.

  4. The Function of Antibodies • Persons with A-antigens and B-antigens do not produce A-antibodies (Anti-A) nor B-antibodies (Anti-B) since both occur naturally in their system.

  5. Agglutination • The clumping process that takes place when RBCs containing a particular antigen (A or B) are mixed with serum containing the antibody specific for that antigen. • The serum containing the antibody is called antiserum.

  6. Agglutination

  7. Blood Types and Serum Antibodies

  8. Blood Group Distribution in the United States • 43% O • 42% A • 12% B • 3% AB

  9. Other RBC Antigens • There are more than 15 known RBC antigens systems. • The A-B-O system is commonly used in blood typing. • The Rh system is also used for blood types.

  10. The Rh System • Based on the Rh factor or D antigen. • A person whose RBCs have the D antigen is said to be Rh positive. • Likewise, a person whose RBCs do not have the D antigen is said to be Rh negative.

  11. Blood Type Distribution in the United States

  12. Identification of Blood with Known Antiserum + shows agglutination; - shows absence of agglutination.

  13. Identification of Blood with Known Cells + shows agglutination; - shows absence of agglutination.

  14. Antiserum A, B, and Rh are Added to a Blood Sample • No agglutination is occurring.

  15. Antiserum A is Added to an A or AB type Blood Sample

  16. Antiserum B is Added to aB or AB type Blood Sample

  17. Antiserum Rh is Added to a Rh positive Blood Sample

  18. Name that Blood Type

  19. Name that Blood Type

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