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(Tele)Presence: Where Have We Been and Where Are We Now

(Tele)Presence: Where Have We Been and Where Are We Now. Matthew Lombard Temple University Philadelphia, PA USA. Overview. What is presence? Why is it important (especially to Communication)? What is the status of presence research and theory? Where can you find out more?.

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(Tele)Presence: Where Have We Been and Where Are We Now

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  1. (Tele)Presence: Where Have We Beenand Where Are We Now Matthew Lombard Temple University Philadelphia, PA USA

  2. Overview • What is presence? • Why is it important (especially to Communication)? • What is the status of presence research and theory? • Where can you find out more?

  3. What Is Presence? The evolution of media technologies - drawings, print, radio, film, television, computers, video conferencing, IMAX 3D, simulator rides, virtual reality, AI agents, robots…

  4. What Is Presence? … has produced technology-mediated experiences that seem increasingly natural, intuitive, comfortable, easy, automatic, and ‘real’ because the technology seems increasingly less like technology.

  5. What Is Presence? • Perceptual illusion of nonmediation • Occurs in diverse contexts • Real time during media use • Not a disorder or abnormal • Property of media user • Result of media form and content, media user characteristics

  6. Why Is Presence Important(Especially to Communication)? • It will be increasingly common • It’s ‘central’ – relates to many fields and endeavors, especially to communication • It has many potential effects

  7. Presence in VR

  8. Presence in the Ultimate VR

  9. Presence in the Ultimate VR

  10. Presence in the Ultimate VR

  11. Presence as Teleoperation

  12. Presence in Simulators

  13. Presence in Simulation Rides

  14. Presence in Videogames

  15. Presence in IMAX 3D Film

  16. Presence in 3D Film

  17. Presence in HDTV

  18. Presence in Advanced Television

  19. Presence in Television

  20. Presence in Television

  21. Presence in Audio

  22. Presence in Painting “Trompe l'oeil, a French term meaning to fool, or deceive, the eye, describes a painting that deceives the spectator into thinking that the objects in it are real, not merely represented.”

  23. Presence in Sculpture

  24. Presence in Videoconferencing

  25. Presence Within Medium Virtual newscaster Ananova (ananova.com)

  26. Presence Within Medium Virtual Characters Lara Diki T-babe Webbie- Tookay

  27. Presence as Social Medium

  28. Medium As Social Actor

  29. Presence as Social Medium Sony’s Aibo “From the first day you play with Aibo, it will become your new companion for the Millennium.”

  30. Presence as Social Medium

  31. Presence as Social Medium

  32. Presence is Everywhere

  33. Presence is Everywhere

  34. Presence is Everywhere

  35. Presence is Everywhere

  36. Presence Applications

  37. Presence Applications

  38. Presence Applications

  39. Presence Applications

  40. Presence Applications

  41. Presence as Central Concept • COMM. AND TECHNOLOGY (CAT)Social presence via videoconferencing, IM, 3D web, avatars and agents in organizations and other contexts • MASS COMM.Entertainment in all media, including interactive TV, IMAX, VR, simulator rides • INSTRUCTIONAL & DEVELOPMENTAL COMM.Experiential learning, distance education, AI teachers

  42. Presence as Central Concept • HEALTH COMM.Telemedicine, public information campaigns, pain control • POLITICAL COMM.Engaging apathetic electorates • LAW & POLICYEthics and regulation of deception in journalism, virtual ads

  43. Presence as Central Concept • PHILOSOPHY OF COMM.The nature of reality, why humans seek (tele)presence, utopian virtual community vs. dystopian social isolation • INFORMATION SYSTEMSBuild models and theories to better understand cognitive, affective, and behavioral processes related to presence, its antecedents and consequences.

  44. Effects of Presence • Physiological Arousal • Vection and simulation sickness Illusory sensations (e.g., of climbing and turning) • Psychological and Behavioral • Enjoyment • Involvement • Learning and task performance • Desensitization • Persuasion (purchases, voting, …) • Parasocial interaction and relationships • Memory and social judgment

  45. What Is the Status of Presence Research and Theory? • Near the beginning • Still fragmented, disorganized • Major conceptualization and measurement issues still being resolved • Preliminary causes and effects identified but need to be studied

  46. What Is the Status of Presence Research and Theory? Positive trends • Hi-tech (VR)  Diverse media (hi/lo-tech) • Uni-dimensional  Multidimensional (spatial and social) • Define presence  relate presence to other concepts (e.g., flow, involvement, immersion, empathy, consciousness) • Ad hoc measures  standardized instruments • Gee whiz applications  applications linked with theory

  47. Where Can You Find Out More? • International Society for Presence Research (ISPR) • Presence-L listserv • PRESENCE Workshops • Presence journal (MIT Press) • Presence-connect.com • Presence-research.org • Presence M.I.N.D. Lab

  48. ISPR Web Site: ispr.info

  49. Presence-l Listserv

  50. PRESENCE 2003 The Sixth Annual International Workshop on Presence October 6 - 8 Aalborg University Denmark

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