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Islam Spreads

Islam Spreads. Abu Bakr. Caliph: "successor to the Prophet" Abu Bakr - successor to Muhammad Battle of tours- stopped further advancement of Islam into Europe. Abu Bakr. Treatment of the Conquered Did not require conversion to Islam Muslims in Europe

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Islam Spreads

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  1. Islam Spreads

  2. Abu Bakr • Caliph: "successor to the Prophet" • Abu Bakr- successor to Muhammad • Battle of tours- stopped further advancement of Islam into Europe

  3. Abu Bakr • Treatment of the Conquered • Did not require conversion to Islam • Muslims in Europe • Muslims, Christians and Jews – all monotheistic

  4. Movements within Islam • Division over Successor • Sunni agreed to accept Muawiyah as caliph • Shiites insisted that only Ali’s descendants should be caliphs • Schism- a division or a split 90% of Muslims are Sunni • Sufi- Muslim mystics

  5. Empire of the Caliphs • Umayyad Family • Problems: • adapting from desert to city life • contention between rich & poor • Shiites hate Umayyads

  6. Empire of the Caliphs • Abbasid Dynasty • Golden Age of the Middle East • Ended Arab dominance • Killed off the Umayyad family

  7. Empire of the Caliphs • Baghdad • Becomes new capital with greater size & wealth than Constantinople • Minaret- Slender tower of a mosque

  8. Decline of the Caliphate • 900-1400: Invaders • Seljuk Turks • Sultan: Turkish ruler • Genghis Khan first to lead Mongols into Middle East • Convert to Islam

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