2008 Tanzania Disability Survey Key Results and Last Year GBS Review

1. 2008 Tanzania Disability SurveyKey Results and Last Year GBS Review National Bureau of Statistics November 2009

2. Outline of Presentation • 2008 Tanzania Disability Survey (TDS) Key Results • Next Step for 2008 TDS • Key achievement since last GBS Review

3. Major Objectives • The major objective of the survey was to determine the prevalence of disability (measured as difficulties) in the country. • The survey also intended to determine living conditions among people with activity limitations.

4. Sample Designing • The survey covered the whole of the United Republic of Tanzania • Information was collected from all selected households and individuals with and without disability (measured as activity limitations). • The survey utilized a three-stage systematic stratified random sampling design involving clusters (EAs), households and individual household members.

5. Questionnaires • Three types of questionnaires: • Household questionnaire: Collected basic socio-economic conditions of usual household members and visitors. The questionnaire also included six screening questions were used to determine persons with disabilities • Adult questionnaire: Collected information from all person aged 15 years and above who were identified in the household questionnaire as having some form of disability • Child Questionnaire: Collected information from all children identified as having disabilities.

6. Definition of Disability - USED • Definition was based on Convention 61/106 of the United Nations on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. According to the convention, “persons with disabilities include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others”. • People are more willing to report having a ‘difficulty’ than having a ‘disability’

7. Coverage • A total of 7025 were selected for interviews • About 6882 households responded • Overall response rate was 98 percent

8. Key ResultsDemographic Indicators • The average number of household members ranges from 5.0 in Mainland and 5.8 in Zanzibar. • The overall average household size in Tanzania was 5.0 persons per household • These findings are consistent with findings from other household based survey and from 2002 population and housing census • Household headship is dominated by male regardless of the disability status

9. Key Results – Literacy Levels • About a quarter (27.4 percent) of Tanzania’s population aged 15 years was illiterate, with 2 in every 10 males being illiterate compared to 4 in every 10 for women. • Illiteracy was highest among persons with disabilities. About half of them (47.6 percent) were illiterate compared to 25.3 percent of the persons without disabilities.

10. Key Results – School Attendance • About one quarter of the population was reported to have ‘no education’, about six in every ten of the population were attending primary education and seven had secondary education. • The proportion of females with no education at 28.7 percent was higher than that of male (20.9 percent). • People with disabilities have nearly double the proportion of people without any education compared to non-disabled people: 41.7 percent compared to 23.5 percent

11. Prevalence of Disability • 7.8 percent of the population had some form of activity limitation. • Disability prevalence is higher on the Mainland (7.8 percent) compared to Zanzibar (5.9 percent) and is higher in rural areas (8.3 percent) than in urban areas (6.3 percent). • Mainland households are more likely to have household members with disability (13.3 percent) than Zanzibar (9.3 percent). The overall percentage of households with at least one member with disability was 13.2.

12. Prevalence of Disability – Age Differentials • The prevalence of disability rises with age with a sharp increase for persons aged 45 years and above • 46 % of the population aged 80 years and above had activity limitation compared to only 3 % for those below ten years of age • Low prevalence of disability among the population below 10 years may also be associated with the problem of identification as it is not very easy to identify disability status among young children. This requires further investigation within Tanzania as well as internationally.

13. Overall Percentages of Persons with Disabilities by Age and Sex (7 Years and older)

14. Prevalence of Disability – Regional Differentials • The results show that the prevalence of disability ranges from 2.7 percent in Manyara to 13.2 percent in Mara region. • Higher disability rate in Mara region could be due to tribal conflict and cultural norms and attitude prevailing in this region, although the survey did not go further to ask the reasons. Further study that include qualitative approach is needed in this area.

16. Some Experiences of People with Disabilities • Around a fifth of all people with disabilities reported problems with the access to transport; • 17.5 percent of all people with disabilities in Tanzania reported having problems with availability of information in accessible format; • 10 percent of all people with disabilities reported problems with attitudes of others at home; • 33 % of all people with disabilities reported having problems with the attitudes of others at work or school.

17. 2008 TDS Next Step • Dissemination to wider audiences • Further analysis of results surveys will be required: NBS plans to involve others e.g Higher learning institutions, research organisations etc. • The disability module with six questions will be included in future household based surveys. The module will also be included in the 2012 Population and Housing Census.

18. Other NBS Key achievements since last annual review • Wider dissemination of the 2007 HBS results; • Preparation of Accelerated Data Programme • Wave one of National Panel Survey completed; Poverty numbers from this round will not be presented as this was a pilot; Final Report will be shared with users January 2010

19. Key achievements since Last Annual Review (continued) • Preparation of 2009/10 Demographic and Health Survey • Pre test and listing completed • Training of enumerators going on. • Data collection will last for a maximum of 4 months; initial results expected in June 2010. • Preparation for 2012 Population and Housing Census; Cartographic work completed by 30 percent;

20. Key achievements (continued) • Tanzania Statistical Master Plan – 2009-2014 (5 -Years Master Plan) – Dynamic Statistical Master Plan • NBS prepared the draft TSMP Cabinet paper on the TSMP with MoFEA and presented it to the Cabinet Secretariat on schedule in May 2009. • The cabinet Secretariat advised on some revisions, and these were made by NBS; • The Cabinet paper was re-submitted to the cabinet secretariat – and they have now accepted this for presentation to cabinet • Cabinet approval of the TSMP is expected very shortly in December 2009. • Continue household survey program

21. Key achievements (continued) • TSMP: • Memorandum of Understanding between the Government and World Bank has been signed. The signing allows the release of funds for implementation of Project Preparatory Advance. • The Project Preparation Advance of US$ 2.0 million has already been disbursed from WB to NBS ready to implement quick wins activities stipulated in the Master Plan • Rebasing of CPI is underway. NBS will very soon start producing CPI using new weights which are based on 2007 HBS – Started March 2009 – in collaboration in IMF • The NBS has finalised compilation of Quarterly GDP. Results has been circulated to major GDP stakeholder for comments

22. Thank you USE OFFICIAL STATISTICS FOR EVIDENCE BASED PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT