Adrienna Ember PhD Student National Centre for Research on Europe 6 May 2005

1. “Exploring New Zealand's Opportunities in Different Industrial Areas in Hungary” - a PhD Proposal Presentation - Adrienna EmberPhD StudentNational Centre for Research on Europe 6 May 2005

2. CONTENT • Proposal Summary 10-15 min. • Some Interesting Data 10 min. • Interactive Session 5-7 min. • Your Questions/Comments 10 min.

3. PROBLEM SETTING • The decision making process of the enlarged EU has become more complex - decisions once made, will be harder to revise. • Despite the EU’s diplomatic and economic importance for NZ, NZ’s representation in the EU, especially in the new member states, is minimal. • The new EU member states have little immediate interest in NZ’s situation: NZ might face difficulties in reaching agreement on different kind of exemptions at a larger EU-table.

4. ASSUMPTIONS • A more intensive representation of NZ in different sectors in Central and Eastern Europe would positively enhance her diplomatic and trading goals in the EU. • An exploration of NZ’s opportunities in Hungary in different sectors could provide a good basis for similar research in the other new member states. • Hungary could act as a platform for further diplomacy and trade extensions to the neighbouring countries (7) and wider South-Eastern Europe.

5. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH • To explore the opportunities that may arise for NZ across different sectors in Hungary (diplomacy, trade, science, tourism, culture/sport, education, migration policy). • To create more interest and awareness among political and economic decision makers in both countries. • To promote people-to-people relationships by connecting project participants from both countries.

6. MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION • What challenges and opportunities may arise for NZ from the 5th (2004) and 6th (2007) EU enlargements when deepening and broadening her relationship with Hungary in different fields?

7. SUB-QUESTIONS • What are the main features of the relationships between NZ and the EU? • What are the possible effects of the 5th (2004) and 6th(2007) EU enlargements on NZ? • What are the main features of Hungary’s political and economic position and interests within and outside the EU? • What are the areas of relationships between NZ and Hungary? • What are the opportunities for and challenges to the relationshipsbetween NZ and Hungary?

8. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK • Leading Theory: Theory of Intercultural Dialogue • Theory of Liberal Intergovernmentalism & Multilevel Governance (for EU-policy and institution development) • Small State Theory (EU-NZ, EU-H, NZ-H relations) • Theory of Global Political Economy (economic position and international trade relationships) • Theory of Business & Social Networks

9. THEORY OF INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE “…(the EU) is a permanent exercise in intercultural dialogue. The success of the European Integration is rooted in having established a system of never-ending dialogue between States that were previously used to confrontation.” /Banús, E.: The EU: A Space for Intercultural Dialogue, EU-Commission Conference, Brussels, 2002/ “…intercultural dialogue has the potential to counteract economic and political dominance that manifest in current global processes.” /Bekemans, L.: Globalisation and Solidarity: Europe’s Duty in Intercultural Dialogue, EU-Commission Conference, Brussels, 2002/

10. METHODOLOGY • Type of Data: Qualitative & Quantitative • Source: Statistics, official documents, publications, governmental and other institutions, individuals involved in business or other projects between NZ and Hungary • Method of Data Collection: Literature Research, Semi-formal Interviews, Correspondence, Questionnaires (for Individuals, Business and Public or Non-profit org.) • Method of Data Evaluation: Interpretational Analysis

11. 2. SOME INTERESTING DATA: Early Milestones of Cooperation Source of Data:Mr. Don Walker, Ambassador to Hungary 1985-89 1983/84: NZ purchased Hungarian railway rolling stock – Hungary took NZ exports to the same value (successful counter-trade arrangement) 1984: Christchurch based Pyne Gould Guinnes started farm projects in Hungary (wide range of products: from breeding sheep to farm – equipment) on two very large state farms.

12. 1985-89: several Hungarian official visits at ministerial level, various agricultural delegations • HUNZAG Ltd. foundation in Budapest • Promotion of valuable association with the Agricultural University in Kaposvár (H), • 1989: NZ Agricultural Technology Field Days based on the success of the two farm projects – ca. 1,000 guest from H, Austria, Poland, ex-GDR, ex-Czechoslovakia, USSR, Bulgaria. • 1990: NZ Diplomatic and Economic Mission to Hungary, Germany, Poland & ex- Czechoslovakia.

13. 2. Some Interesting Data: Publications • Publications in NZ about Hungary are less country specific, more set within a general international context:Economic-political transition in Eastern Europe after 1989, NATO Enlargement, Iraq – War, EU-Enlargement. • Publications in Hungary about NZ are more country specific:Reform of the state fiscal policy in NZ, agricultural policy as a good pattern, features of social security system, behavioural patterns in business relations, tourist destination.

14. Szirtes, A.: NZ as the most developed socialistic state system of our age

15. Some Hungarian Newspaper Headlines • “NZ on Hungarian fields” (joint agro-project 1993) • “NZ as a good example for the Hungarian agriculture” (1995) • “NZ offers a model” (1997) • “NZ without nuclear weapons” (1998) • “NZ in a woman’s hands” (1999)

16. “New Zealand: The EU is far away” (Magyar Hirlap, 2002)

17. 3. Interactive Session Based on the movie “Being John Malkovich”: “Being Adrienna Ember for 5 minutes”