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The Kennedy Years. 1961-1963. The New Frontier: Dreams and Promises. Foreign Policy and Cold War crises. Bay of Pigs Invasion. Video. Bay of Pigs Invasion. Fidel Castro had overthrown the corrupt Cuban Dictator and created ties with the Soviet Union
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The Kennedy Years 1961-1963
Bay of Pigs Invasion Video
Bay of Pigs Invasion • Fidel Castro had overthrown the corrupt Cuban Dictator and created ties with the Soviet Union • Communism was now too close for comfort (90 miles away) • President Eisenhower had authorized the CIA to secretly train and arm Cuban exiles (La Brigada) to invade
Bay of Pigs Invasion, cont. • April 17, 1961, 1,400 Cuban exiles landed at the Bay of Pigs on t he south coast of Cuba • Failure: La Brigada’s boats hit coral reefs, Kennedy called off air support to keep U.S. involvement a secret, and the uprising of the Cuban people never happened
Vienna Summit / Berlin Wall • Kruschev built a wall through Berlin, blocking movement between the Soviet Sector and the rest of the area. • Visible symbol of the Cold War division between East and West.
Cuban Missile Crisis Activity
Latin America The Alliance for Progress • Renew Diplomatic Focus • Governments were often in the hands of the wealthy, many citizens lived in extreme poverty • Alliance for Progress: As series of cooperative aid projects with Latin American governments. • Create a “Free and Prosperous Latin America”
Over 10 years, the U.S. pledged $20 billion to help Latin American countries • Results were mixed • Chile, Colombia, and Venezuela promoted real reform • Governing rulers sometimes used the money to keep themselves in power.
Peace Corps • Helping less developed nations fight poverty. • Sent young Americans to perform humanitarian services. • Volunteers spent 2 years in countries that requested assistance. • One of Kennedy’s greatest legacies
Currently: 8,073 members • Total Number of Countries Served: 139 • Total Number of Volunteers to date: 210,000+
Launching the Race to the Moon • Space Race • Dominance at home: competition • Kennedy wanted to be the first humans to reach the moon.
“this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon.” • Eventually happened in July of 1969
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963 • Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty • Prevent other countries from obtaining nuclear weapons • Banned testing in the atmosphere, space, and underwater
Hot Line Established • Creation of a direct communication link between U.S. and Soviet heads of state for use in “time of emergency” • Connection by transatlantic cable and radio telegraph circuits • Was used in 1967 during the Arab-Israeli War and again in 1973.
Historic Background • Article
Legislation • Education of the Handicapped Act, 1966 • Education for All Handicapped Children Act, 1971 • Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504 • Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990 Senator Kennedy
November 22, 1963 – Dallas, TX JFK Assassination
"He didn't even have the satisfaction of being killed for civil rights . . . . It's — it had to be some silly little Communist." — Jackie Kennedy, on hearing that a leftist had been arrested for her husband's murder.
In preparation for the next campaign, Kennedy and his advisers were busy campaigning in Texas.
